>> HI, EVERYONE. THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING.
JUST A FRIENDLY REMINDER, IF YOU ARE DIALED IN TO LISTEN TO THE
WEBINAR ON THE PHONE LINE, PUT YOUR PHONE ON MUTE
WE WILL BE GETTING STARTED SHORTLY. THANKS SO MUCH.
>> WELL, HELLO, EVERYBODY. WELCOME TO THE WEBINAR ON
INTERVIEWING VICTIMS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
THIS IS THEIR WEBINAR DESIGNED FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT.
I WOULD LIKE TO WELCOME YOU ALL TODAY. I WILL BE ONE OF YOUR
CO-PRESENTERS, ALONG WITH THE DOCTOR FROM THE HOMELAND
SECURITY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM. I'M WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF
HOMELAND SECURITY FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT TRAINING CENTER.
I AM THE SENIOR TRAINING ADVISOR FOR THE DHS BLUE CAMPAIGN.
PRIOR TO MY TIME AT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WHICH HAS NOW BEEN,
WOW,
16 YEARS, I WAS A PROSECUTING ATTORNEY IN THE
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, AREA, FOCUSING ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
AND ELDER ABUSE. REALLY HAPPY YOU ARE HERE TODAY.
I WILL START WITH A LITTLE OVERVIEW.
THE BLUE CAMPAIGN AND COMBATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING -- BUT THE
MAJORITY OF OUR WEBINAR I WILL REFER TO DR. HUBBARD, WILL LEAD
US THROUGH AN AMAZING DISCUSSION ABOUT EFFECTS OF TRAUMA WHEN
INTERVIEWING VICTIMS, BECAUSE WE SPENT A LOT OF TIME AT THE
DEPARTMENT WORKING TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE VICTIMS, BUT WE HAVE TO
START DOING MORE -- WHAT HAPPENS AFTER WE FIND THE VICTIM?
THAT IS GOING TO LEAD US THROUGH GOOD INFORMATION ON THAT.
LET'S GO AHEAD AND BEGIN. AS YOU CAN SEE FROM THE SLIGHT
FROM OUR CAMPAIGN ORIGINALLY CAME INTO EXISTENCE IN THE YEAR
2010. WE HAVE HAD A FEW MILESTONES
SINCE THEN. I WILL NOT WALK EVERY MILESTONE
DOWN WITH YOU, BUT IF YOU OF THE BIG MILESTONES WE ARE PROUD OF
IS HOW HOME SECURITY INVESTIGATIONS HAS VICTIM
ASSISTANCE CREDIT AND OF THEIR OFFICES AROUND THE COUNTRY, HOW
WE IN THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND CORPORATE HUMAN TRAFFICKING
AWARENESS TRAINING OUT IN ALL OF OUR BASIC ACADEMIES.
ONE OF THE MOST NOTABLE FEATURES I WANT TO POINT YOU ALL TO IS
THAT LAST YEAR, CONGRESS PAST AND IN JANUARY THE PRESIDENT
SIGNED AN AUTHORIZATION FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
TO OFFICIALLY HAVE A BLUE CAMPAIGN PROGRAM OFFICE TO WHICH
MEANS WE WILL BE ABLE TO CONTINUE OUR EFFORTS TO COMBAT
HUMAN TRAFFICKING. FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE
BLUE CAMPAIGN, YOU SIMPLY HAVE TO GO TO OUR WEBSITE WHICH IS
BASICALLY DHS.GOV/BLUECAMPAIGN,
OR DO WHAT I DO AND JUST GOOGLE TWO WORDS, "BLUE CAMPAIGN," AND
IT WILL TAKE YOU THERE. WE HAVE A FRIDAY DAY RESOURCES
AVAILABLE FOR EVIL THAT YOU CAN DOWNLOAD AND VIEW THESE RESOURCE
-- WE HAVE A VARIETY OF
RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR YOU THAT YOU CAN DOWNLOAD AND VIEW THESE
RESOURCES. I ENCOURAGE YOU TO GO TO OUR
WEBSITE TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE DHS BLUE CAMPAIGN.
AT THE FUNNY SO OF THE PRESENTATION -- AT THE FINNEY
TWO OF THE RESERVATION, WE WILL HAVE OUT -- AT THE END OF THE
PRESENTATION, WE WILL HAVE OUR E-MAIL ADDRESSES FOR YOU.
LET'S SPEND A LITTLE BIT OF TIME DISCUSSING HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
A MAJORITY OF YOU ON THIS WEBINAR HAVE
PERCEIVED SOME FORM OF TRAINING ON HUMAN
TRAFFICKING. THIS WILL BE A REVIEW FOR SOME
OF YOU. IN ESSENCE COME WHEN WE TALK
ABOUT THE CRIME OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING, AND WE BOIL IT DOWN
TO ITS ROOTS, IT IS REALLY ABOUT ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL, TRAFFICKER,
COMPELLING SOMEONE TO WORK OR PROVIDE SERVICES OR ENGAGE IN A
COMMERCIAL SEX ACT, IN EXCHANGE FOR SOMETHING OF VALUE.
UNDER OUR FEDERAL LAWS IN THIS
COUNTRY AND SEVERAL STATE LAWS CAN WE DIFFERENTIATE HUMAN
TRAFFICKING INTO TWO PARTS. WE HAVE LABOR TRAFFICKING AND WE
HAVE SEX TRAFFICKING. WHEN WE TALK ABOUT LABOR
TRAFFICKING, THERE IS A BIG DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE CRIMES OF
LABOR EXPLOITATION AND LABOR TRAFFICKING.
WHEN WE TALK ABOUT LABOR EXPLOITATION,
EXPLOITING ANOTHER PRISON BY HAVING THEM WORK FOR
LESS WAGES, BAD WORK CONDITIONS FROM OVERTIME WITHOUT PAY,
WITHOUT PROPERLY COMPENSATING THEM, A LOT OF US ON THIS CALL
HAVE PROBABLY HAD JOBS WHERE WE WERE UNDERPAID AND TREATED
POORLY BY OUR BOSS, TO MOBILE WORK CONDITIONS.
THAT DOES NOT MEAN WE HAVE BEEN TRAFFICKED.
WE MAY HAVE BEEN EXPLOITED. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
TRAFFICKING AND NEXT LOCATION? IT IS WHEN YOU DON'T -- THE
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRAFFICKING AND EXPLOITATION?
YOU-- IT IS WHEN YOU DON'T HAVE A CHOICE.
YOU COULD BE KILLED, YOUR FAMILY COULD BE KILLED, YOUR LOVED ONES
COULD BE THREATENED. THAT IS WHERE FORCED LABOR
DIFFERS FROM EXPLOITATION. WHEN WE LOOK AT THE FEDERAL
DEFINITION, WHAT WE KNOW UNDER FEDERAL LAW IS THAT A TRAFFICKER
, IF YOU LOOK AT THE TOP ROW, BOTH BOXES ON THE LEFT AND
RIGHT, THE TRAFFICKER IS EITHER GOING TO KNOWINGLY PROVIDE OR
OBTAIN LABOR OR IS GOING TO FINANCIALLY BENEFIT FROM THE
VENTURE. THAT IS THE RECRUITER OR THAT IS
THE BUSINESS THAT HIRES THE TRAFFICKER.
AND THEN WHAT WE HAVE TO PROVE TO CONVICT THE INDIVIDUAL WOULD
BE THAT THEY COMMITTED LABOR TRAFFICKING THROUGH ONE OF FOUR
MEANS. FORCE WHICH IS PRETTY STRAIGHTFORWARD.
THREATS OR COERCION. ABUSE OF PROCESS -- WHAT THAT
SOMETHING MEANS IS THREATENING AN INDIVIDUAL TO HAVE THEM
DEPORTED. THREATENING TO REPORT THEM TO
POLICE. TRUMPING UP ILLEGAL ACTS AND
THREATENING TO CALL THE POLICE ON THEM. OR FOURTH, COERCION,
COMMENDATION OF THEM ALL. YOU OFFER THEM OF FORCE -- YOU
HAVE HEARD THEM AS FORCE FRONT, OR COERCION.
THAT IS WHAT THE DEFINITION OF LABOR TRAFFICKING IS.
THE VICTIMS WHO ARE VICTIMIZED THROUGH LABOR TRAFFICKING ARE
GOING TO PRESENT THEMSELVES DIFFERENTLY TO YOU THAT PERHAPS
THE VICTIM OF A HIT AND RUN WITH THE VICTIM OF A BURGLARY.
I WANT TO SET THAT OUT FRONT. SECOND FORM OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
IS THE ONE THAT MOST OF US ARE FAMILIAR WITH.
WE SEE IT ON THE NEWS A LOT AND WE SEE IT IN MOVIES A LOT.
THAT IS SEX TRAFFICKING. LET'S BE CLEAR, THERE IS A
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ACTIVE COMMERCIAL SEX AND SEX
TRAFFICKING. JUST LIKE LABOR TRAFFICKING,
THERE'S A DIFFERENCE. WHAT IS COMMERCIAL SEX? SEX
IN EXCHANGE FOR SOMETHING OF VALUE.
IS IT A CRIME TO COMMIT AN ACT OF PROSTITUTION?
WELL, YES COME IN MOST STATES THAT IS ILLEGAL.
SOME STATES MIGHT HAVE A FEW COUNTIES WHERE IT IS LAWFUL.
BUT WE ARE TALKING ADULTS OVER 18.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ACT OF PROSTITUTION AND ACT
OF SEX TRAFFICKING? YOU PROBABLY KNOW THIS -- WHEN
YOU HAVE COMPELLING BEHAVIOR, SOMEONE FORCING SOMEBODY THROUGH
FORCE, FRAUD, OR COERCION, TO ENGAGE IN AN ACT OF
COMMERCIAL SEX. THE DIFFERENCE AND THE FEDERAL
LEVEL IS WHEN MINERS ARE INVOLVED.
ANY MINOR INDUCED INTO SEX
TRAFFICKING IS A VICTIM OF SEX TRAFFICKING.
WE DON'T HAVE TO PROVE FORCE, FRAUD, OR COERCION.
AGE IS ENOUGH. BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE LEGAL
DEFINITION, IT IS HARDER THAN JUST SAYING AGE.
I WANT TO WALK YOU THROUGH THIS SCARY LOOKING SLIGHT BUT IT IS
NOT TOO BAD. THE TOP ROW TALKS ABOUT WHO ARE
THE TRAFFICKERS WE ARE GOING FOR.
WE ARE LOOKING FOR SOMEBODY WHO IS DOING SEVERAL THINGS -- THEY
CAN OBTAIN A PERSON, RECRUIT A PERSON, HARBOR OR HOUSE A
PERSON, TRANSPORT A PERSON, OR IN THE MOST RECENT CHANGES,
THOSE THAT PATRONIZE THIS PERSON OR MAINTAIN THAT PERSON.
OR WE CAN GO AFTER SOMEONE WHO IS KNOWINGLY BENEFITING FROM
PARTICIPATING IN THE VENTURE. WE CAN GO AFTER ALL LEVELS OF
THE TRAFFICKING ORGANIZATION. HOW DO WE DO IT
ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE SECOND ROW THAT IS OUR
FORCE, FRAUD, OR COERCION. ON THE RIGHT SECOND THAT IS
WHERE WE TALK ABOUT MINORS INVOLVED.
WITH MINORS, AGAIN COME UNDER 18, INDUCED INTO TRAFFICKING.
BUT WE HAVE TO SHOW THAT THE TRAFFICKER SOMEHOW KNEW OR HAD A
RECKLESS DISREGARD SHOULD HAVE KNOWN THAT THE PERSON WAS UNDER
18. HOW DO WE PROVE THAT? EASY. BOYS AND GIRLS BOTH WHO ARE
RECRUITED IN HIGH SCHOOLS, JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS.
PRETTY HARD EVIDENCE TO REFUTE THAT YOU DID NOT KNOW THEY WERE
A MINOR. THE LAST ELEMENT IS THERE
BECAUSE IT IS FEDERAL LAW, BUT IT DOESN'T MATTER, WHAT THAT
IT AFFECTS INTERSTATE COMMERCE. THAT MEANS THAT THE INTERNET IS
USED, PHONES WERE USED, THEY FOUND AT THE SCENE SOMETHING
THAT WAS NOT PRODUCED WITHIN THE STATE.
ALTHOUGH THE SUPREME COURT HAS ALREADY FOUND THAT INTERSTATE
COMMERCE MEETS THE STANDARD. IF EVERYTHING WAS PRODUCED
WITHIN THE STATE WE CAN STILL GO AFTER THEM FOR SEX TRAFFICKING
FOR SEX TRAFFICKING. WE'RE TALKING ABOUT LABOR
TRAFFICKING, SEX TRAFFICKING THROUGH FORCE, FRAUD, OR
COERCION, MINOR , ANYONE UNDER 18
WHEN IT COMES TO SEX TRAFFICKING.
WE SPENT A LOT OF TIME IN THE
BLUE CAMPAIGN TALKING ABOUT WHAT TO LOOK FOR AND WHAT ARE THE
SIGNS. A LOT OF YOU HAVE BEEN TRAINED
IN THE SIGNS. WHAT WE WANT TO DO NOW -- NOW WE
KNOW THE LAW AND WE KNOW THE SIGNS.
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE IDENTIFY THE VICTIM?
AT THIS POINT I'M GOING TO KICK IT OVER TO OUR FEATURED SPEAKER
TODAY, AND SHE WILL BEGIN WITH A BRIEF INTRO OF HERSELF AND WALK
YOU THROUGH THE ISSUES THAT WE ARE FOCUSING ON TODAY, TRAUMA.
>> GOOD AFTERNOON, EVERYBODY. I AM THE UNIT CHIEF FOR THE
VICTIM ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR HOMELAND SECURITY
INVESTIGATIONS, AND WHAT WE DO, WE PROVIDE SERVICES FOR ALL
VICTIMS OF FEDERAL CRIMES TO INCLUDE HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
BUT ANY VICTIM THAT IS IDENTIFIED OVER THE COURSE OF AN
INVESTIGATION RECEIVES VICTIM
SERVICES. WHAT OUR MISSION -- OUR MISSION
HERE -- I ALSO AM -- MY
BACKGROUND AS FAR AS TELLING WHO I AM MY BACKGROUND --
THERE'S AN AGENCY FOR ABOUT THREE YEARS
NOW. PRIOR TO THAT, I WAS A FAMILY
ADVOCACY PROGRAM MANAGER FOR THE MARINE CORPS.
THE FAMILY ADVOCACY PROGRAM AT THE DOD'S CHILD ABUSE AND
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PROGRAMS. I MANAGED THAT PROGRAM.
I AM ALSO A RETIRED MARINE. I HAVE A LOT OF THINGS GOING ON
HERE THAT MAKE ME QUALIFIED TO BE IN THIS POSITION.
MOVING ON TO THE MISSION OF THE PROGRAM, THE VICTIM ASSISTANCE
PROGRAM MISSION IS TO SUPPORT HOMELAND SECURITY INVESTIGATIONS
AND, AS I SAID, AID VICTIMS
IDENTIFIED OVER THE COURSE OF THE FEDERAL INVESTIGATION AS
THEY MOVE THROUGH THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM.
UNDER OUR PROGRAM WE HAVE TWO
PROGRAM ELEMENTS. THE FIRST IS THE VICTIM
ASSISTANCE SPECIALISTS. WE HAVE 27 VICTIM ASSISTANCE
SPECIALISTS LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY.
THEY WORK IN CONJUNCTION WITH SPECIAL AGENTS WHEN THE VICTIM
IS IDENTIFIED DURING THE COURSE OF THE INVESTIGATION.
THEIR MAIN ROLE IS TO MAKE SURE THAT THEY MEET WITH THE VICTIM
AND ENSURE THAT THE VICTIM KNOWS WHAT THEIR RIGHTS ARE.
THEY DO AN ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINE WHEN THE VICTIM'S
NEEDS MAY BE -- FOOD, CLOTHING, JOB ASSISTANCE.
THEY CONNECT THEM WITH THE RESOURCES AND SERVICES THEY
NEED. OUR FORENSIC INTERVIEW SPECIALIST -- THEY ARE ALSO
CORRELATED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY
-- CO-LOCATED THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY.
OUR FORENSIC INTERVIEW SPECIALIST TRAVEL GLOBALLY AND
PROVIDE SPECIFIC INTERVIEWS FOR CHILDREN, BUT THEY PROVIDE
FORENSIC INTERVIEWS FOR ADULTS THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED SOME KIND
OF SEVERE TRAUMA OR HAVE A COGNITIVE DISABILITY OR JUST
NEED THE ADDITIONAL CARE IN TERMS OF ASSISTING THEM.
WHEN WE LOOK AT THE VICTIM ASSISTANCE SPECIALIST ROLE -- I
WILL NOT SPEND A LOT OF TIME ON WHAT WE DO, BUT IT IS IMPORTANT
TO SET THE FOUNDATION ON WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DO. THE VICTIM
ASSISTANCE SPECIALIST PROVIDES COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES.
THEY ENSURE THAT THE VICTIM KNOWS WHAT THEIR RIGHTS ARE AND
MAKES SURE THEY ARE CONNECTED TO SERVICES.
THEY MAKE SURE THEY WORK WITH THE AGENT AND BUILD THE RAPPORT
AND TRUST. WE PROVIDE EMERGENCY FUNDING FOR
VICTIMS AND SPECIFIC RESOURCES FOR THOSE VICTIMS.
OUR FORENSIC INTERVIEW SPECIALISTS ARE SPECIALLY
TRAINED SUBJECT MATTER EXPERTS AND HAVE OVER
THOUSANDS OF HOURS OF INTERVIEWING EXPERIENCE, AND
AS I SAID, THEY TRAVEL GLOBALLY. THEY ARE QUALIFIED TO GIVE
EXPERT TESTIMONY IN COURT PROCEEDINGS.
AS YOU SEE ON THE OTHER SIDE, THESE ARE SOME OF THE CASES THEY
ARE MOST COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH, AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING
SPECIFICALLY FOR MINORS IS AT THE TOP OF THE LIST.
SO WHAT IS OUR STRATEGY? OUR STRATEGY IS A
VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH TO INVESTIGATION.
FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO ARE NOT FAMILIAR WITH WHAT WE DO, WHEN
WE TALK ABOUT THE VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH, OUR
VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH ENCOMPASSES -- WE KNOW THAT
VICTIMS ARE KEY TO A SUCCESSFUL
INVESTIGATION. YOU DON'T HAVE A SUCCESSFUL
INVESTIGATION ON YOU HAVE THE VICTIM THAT FEELS SAFE AND
SECURE. STABILITY, SAFETY, AND RECOVERY
-- WE ALWAYS MAKE SURE THEY ARE CONNECTED WITH THE SERVICES AND
THE RESOURCES THAT THEY MAY NEED.
WE ALSO ENSURE THAT THEY KNOW WHAT THEIR RIGHTS ARE, EVEN IF
THEY ARE COMPLICIT IN THE ILLEGAL ENTRY OR THEY HAVE
COMMITTED AN ILLEGAL ACT DURING THEIR EXPLOITATION.
WE ENSURE THAT THE RIGHTS ARE PROTECTED. VICTIMS ALSO NEED
TO BE INFORMED AND WE MAKE SURE THEY ARE
INFORMED THROUGHOUT THE COURSE OF THE INVESTIGATION AND
PROSECUTION IN ENSURING THAT THEY MAKE SURE THEY THEY HAVE
THE OPPORTUNITY TO PARTICIPATE DURING THE CLOSE OF THE
INVESTIGATION SHOULD THEY CHOOSE.
WE KNOW OVERALL THAT IT IS NOT
POSSIBLE TO HAVE A RELIABLE WITNESS UNLESS YOU HAVE A VICTIM
WHO FEELS SAFE AND SECURE. OUR JOB IS SUPPORTING THE
VICTIMS. AS WE TALK ABOUT -- FOR THOSE OF
YOU WHO ENCOUNTER VICTIMS, NINE TIMES OUT OF 10, SPECIFICALLY
WITH VICTIMS THAT EXPERIENCE HUMAN TRAFFICKING, FOR HUMAN
TRAFFICKING VICTIMS, THEY HAVE EXPERIENCED SOME LEVEL OF
TRAUMA. TRAUMA IS SUBJECTIVE, AND I WILL
TALK ABOUT THAT MORE SO IN A MINUTE.
I WANT TO MAKE SURE WE ALL KNOW WHAT TRAUMA IS, BUT I WANT TO
MAKE SURE WE ARE ON THE SAME PAGE WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THE
DEFINITION. HERE IS THE DEFINITION OF TRAUMA
THAT WILL SET THE FOUNDATION FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE
CONVERSATION. , IS -- TRAUMA IS A SEVERE
DISTRESS CAUSED BY EXPERIENCE OR EXPERIENCES.
IT COULD BE ONE EXPERIENCE OR A NUMBER OF EXPERIENCES, CONTINUED
EXPERIENCES. IT IS DEFINITELY TRUE WHEN WE
TALK ABOUT TRAUMA AND THE EFFECTS OF TRAUMA.
AT JUST THE SHORT-TERM EFFECTS, BUT EVEN THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS
OF -- NOT JUST THE SHORT-TERM EFFECTS, BUT EVEN THE LONG-TERM
EFFECTS OF TRAUMA DON'T REVEAL THEMSELVES RIGHT AWAY.
BEFORE WE GET INTO THE SIGNS AND THE SYMPTOMS AND SO FORTH ABOUT
TRAUMA, I WANT TO START WITH A CASE STUDY.
MARY JUST TURNED 18 AND SHE A
SHOUT OF FOSTER CARE. -- SHE AGED OUT OF FOSTER CARE.
SHE CALLED THE POLICE AND TOLD THE POLICE SHE HAD BEEN TALKING
ON THE PHONE MUCH OF THE NIGHT WITH HER FRIEND JORDAN.
AFTER SHE FINALLY FELL SICK, SHE WAS AWAKENED BY A MAN WITH A
KNIFE STANDING IN HER APARTMENT .
THE MAN TIE HER UP, BLINDFOLDED HER, GAGGED HER, AND RAPED HER.
SHE TOLD POLICE THAT SHE THOUGHT THE MEN WORE A
CONDOM, WHICH WAS IN SHORT, AND AS FOR WHAT HER
ATTACKER LOOKED LIKE, SHE COULD ONLY GIVE A FEW DETAILS.
WHITE MAN WITH A GRAY SWEATER. THE ATTACK SEEMED TO LAST A LONG
TIME, BUT YOU COULDN'T TELL. SHE ALSO TOLD THE POLICE SHE
COULD SAY FOR SURE WHAT HAPPENED. IT WAS ALL A BLUR.
MARY SAID AFTER THE RAPE, SHE
MANAGED TO RETRIEVE SCISSORS FROM THE CABINET'S BOTTOM
DRAWER, BECAUSE SHE TAKE HER ANTIHERO. SHE CUT HERSELF FREE.
SHE CALLED HER FRIEND JORDAN. JORDAN DIDN'T ANSWER.
SHE CALLED HER UPSTAIRS NEIGHBOR, WHO CAME DOWNSTAIRS TO
MARY'S APARTMENT, AND HER NEIGHBOR CALLED 911.
DURING THE TIME THE POLICE WERE TALKING TO HER DURING THE COURSE
OF THE INVESTIGATION, MARY PRESENTED HERSELF AS CALM AND UN
FLUSTERED. THEY TOOK HER TO THE HOSPITAL,
AND THE SAME KIT WAS CONDUCTED. THE MEDICAL REPORT NOTED
ABRASIONS TO MARY'S WRIST AND
VAGINA. DURING THE EXAM, THE MEDICAL
PERSONNEL WROTE THE COMMENT THAT MARY WAS
ALERT, ORIENTED, AND IN NO ACUTE DISTRESS.
THAT WAS THEIR ASSESSMENT. THEN MARY'S FORMER FOSTER MOM,
SHARON, NOTICED SHE WAS AN OR UPSET WHEN SHE TALKED ABOUT THE
RAPE. SHE SAID THAT WHEN MARY
TOLD HER TO TELL HER SHE OPENED IT, THERE
WAS NO EMOTION AT ALL, SHE SAID IT AS IF SHE WERE EATING A
SANDWICH. THE REASON I POINT THIS OUT --
THIS IS ALL IN THE STORY -- SHANNON'S MARY FOSTER MOTHER
CALLED THE DETECTIVE OF THE POLICE STATION AND TOLD HER THE
STORY AND TOLD HER SHE GOT MARY -- SHE THOUGHT MARY WAS LYING.
INVESTIGATOR CALLED HER INTO THE POLICE STATION AND ASKED HER TO
RETELL HER STORY AND CONFRONTED HER AS IF SHE WAS LYING, AND
MARY GOT FLUSTERED AND SAID SHE WASN'T SURE IT HAPPENED, MAYBE
IT WAS ALL JUST A DREAM. BASED ON THAT, THE DETECTIVE
DETERMINED THAT MARY WAS LYING, AND SHE GOT CHARGED WITH FILING
A FALSE POLICE REPORT.
BASED ON THAT, THE PROSECUTOR TOOK THE CASE FILE CHARGES
AGAINST MARY. THE PROSECUTOR IN TURN AFTER
MARY HIRED A LAWYER, OFFERED
THAT IF SHE MET CONDITIONS FOR THE NEXT YEAR, THE CHARGE WOULD
BE DROPPED. SHE WOULD NEED MENTAL HEALTH
COUNSELING FOR HER LINE. SHE WOULD NEED TO GO
UNSUPERVISED PROBATION. SHE WOULD NEED TO GO STRAIGHT,
BREAK NO MORE LAWS, AND PAY $500 BECAUSE OF COURT COSTS.
BECAUSE MARY WANTED ALL OF THIS BEHIND HER, SHE TOOK THE DEAL.
MY QUESTION TO THE AUDIENCE IS, WHAT DO YOU THINK?
WAS MARY TELLING THE TRUTH OR WAS MARY SEXUALLY ASSAULTED?
IF YOU WANT TO TYPE IN, I WILL GIVE YOU A FEW MINUTES TO GIVE
YOU YOUR RESPONSE. SOMEONE HERE WROTE, "WOW."
WOW, RIGHT?
WE ARE GETTING THE VOTES THAT MARY WAS DEFINITELY ASSAULTED.
BEFORE I TELL YOU WHAT HAPPENED TO MARY, LET'S TALK ABOUT
TRAUMA. IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND
HOW TRAUMA IMPACTS THE MIND AND THE BODY, AND WHY
-- HOW VICTIMS MAY REACT.
JUST REALLY QUICK, WHEN WE TALK ABOUT TRAUMA, IT AFFECTS THE
BRAIN, OF COURSE. OUR PREFRONTAL CORTEX IS THE
PART OF THE BRAIN THAT HELPS WITH THINKING, LOGIC, THE FILTER
FOR RATIONALIZATION. WHEN TRAUMA HAPPENS, THE
PREFRONTAL CORTEX SHUTS DOWN IN THE AMYGDALA TAKES OVER.
THAT IS THE ALLMAN SHIPPED PART OF THE BRAIN THAT TURNS ON THE
FREEZE RESPONSE SYSTEM IT IS THE PART OF THE BRAIN THAT WHEN WE
PERCEIVE DANGER, IT SOUNDS OFF THE ALERT TO THE BEST OF THE
BRAIN AND THE BODY. IN THAT PREFRONTAL CORTEX AND
THE ENDING DOLLAR WORK WITH THE HIPPOCAMPUS. THE
HIPPOCAMPUS REGULATES MEMORY AND EMOTIONS.
IT IS BEING DOMINANT. THE MEMORIES ARE STORED IN THE
WAY THEY SHOULD BE STORED. WHEN THE ON THE DOLLAR --
AMYGDAL A TAKES OVER CAN MEMORIES
BECOME FRAGMENTED. ONE OF THE OTHER THINGS THAT
HAPPENS IN THE BODY THAT WE HAVE A RELEASE OF HORMONES.
DR. REBECCA CAMPBELL AND HER STUDY REFERS TO IT AS A HORMONAL
COCKTAIL. WHAT HAPPENS IS THAT THERE ARE F
OUR MAIN HORMONES THAT ARE RELEASED.
BASICALLY, OUR ADRENALINE THAT PREPARES US FOR THE FIGHT OR
FLIGHT RESPONSE. CORTISOL GIVES US ADDITIONAL
ENERGY AND MAKES ADDITIONAL ENERGY AVAILABLE IN CASE WE
DECIDE TO FIGHT OR FLIGHT.
IT CAN PREVENT PAIN AND HELP TO ABSORB ANY PAIN THAT MAY COME
WITH THE TRAUMA. AND THEN THE OXYCONTIN PROMOTES
GOOD FEELINGS. THE REASON IT IS THE HORMONAL
COCKTAIL IS THE RELEASE OF HORMONES WILL BE DIFFERENT FOR
EACH ONE OF US. IF WE ARE ALL IN THE SAME ROOM
WHERE THE SAME EXPERIENCE, THAT HORMONAL CASE WILL BE DIFFERENT
FOR ALL OF US. WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THAT HORMONAL
COCKTAIL HAPPENS -- THE BODY IS
IN SURVIVAL MODE. THERE IS NO WAY TO DETERMINE OR
REGULATE HOW MUCH YOU HORMONES ARE RELEASED.
KEEPING THE BODY IN BALANCE, BUT WE EXPERIENCE SOME TYPE OF
EMERGENCY OR PERCEIVED THREAT OR DANGER TO US.
THE HORMONES ARE RELEASED. IF WE GET TOO MUCH OF ONE OR THE
OTHER, THESE THINGS HAPPEN.
SOMETIMES IT IMPAIRS OUR RATIONAL THINKING.
OPIOIDS CAN CAUSE THE FLAT
AFFECT, AND THEN THE CORTISOL CAN REDUCE ENERGY.
SOMETIMES THE OPPOSITE EFFECT CAN HAPPEN.
ONE OF THE OTHER THINGS I WANT TO MAKE SURE I MENTIONED IN THIS
IS THE TOXIC IMMOBILITY CAN ALSO HAPPEN.
THE BODY IS FLOODED WITH THE HORMONES AND IT IS TOO MUCH.
SOMETIMES THERE IS A MUSCULAR PARALYSIS THAT OCCURS, AND THAT
IS WHERE THE FREEZE RESPONSE COMES INTO PLAY.
THE BEST WAY TO DESCRIBE IT IS DEER IN THE HEADLIGHTS.
THE PERSON FREEZES REGARDLESS OF WHAT THE SITUATION IS AND THEY
ARE NOT ABLE TO THINK OR REACT IN THE MANNER WE EXPECT THEM TO.
THE BODY PHYSICALLY SHUTS DOWN.
WHEN WE KNOW IN THE STUDY IS THAT 12 TO 50% OF RAPE VICTIMS
EXPERIENCE TOXIC IMMOBILITY AND SOME POINT DURING THE ASSAULT.
ONE OF THE THINGS HE ALSO KNOWS THAT CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS
ESPECIALLY CHILDREN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED ABUSE, SPECIFICALLY
CHILD MOLESTATION, BUT OTHER TYPES OF ABUSE, CAN EXPERIENCE
TOXIC IMMOBILITY WILLING TO OUTPUT -- WELL INTO BATTLE THAT
COMMIT CERTAIN THINGS DON'T HAPPEN -- WELL INTO ADULTHOOD,
IF CERTAIN THINGS DON'T HAPPEN. THE HORMONAL RELEASE, THE
BRAIN FUNCTION, GOING INTO THE EMERGENCY SURVIVAL MODE, ALL OF
THESE THINGS HAPPEN AT THE SAME TIME.
FUNCTIONING MAY BE IMPAIRED. TO INCLUDE THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND
HOW IT IS RECORDING THE MEMORY, WHICH MEANS YOU HAVE FRAGMENTED
MEMORIES
, PROBLEMS OF RECALL MAY BE SLOW OR NONEXISTENT.
AND THEN IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT
TO REMEMBER THAT IF DRUGS OR ALCOHOL ARE INVOLVED, SOMETIMES
THE MEMORY RECORDING OR THE ENCODING DOESN'T HAPPEN.
SOME OF THOSE MEMORIES MAY NEVER BE RETRIEVED.
IN ALL OF THAT, SAYING ALL OF THAT, IT IS GOOD TO KNOW THAT IN
THE EVENT OF AN ASSAULT, THE MEMORY CAN BE RECALLED
, AND WHAT STUDIES HAVE RECOMMENDED IS THAT
THE VICTIM BE ALLOWED TO REST FOR 24 TO 48 HOURS, GIVE THE
HORMONES A CHANCE TO BALANCE OUT AND REREGULATE IN THE BODY, AND
FOR THE MEMBERS TO START TO COME TOGETHER FOR -- MEMORIES TO
START TO COME TOGETHER. I WANT TO STRESS WHAT HAPPENS
WHEN WE HAVE A VICTIM THAT IS EXPERIENCING OR HAS EXPERIENCED
COMPLEX TRAUMA. IN THE CASE OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING
VICTIM, LABOR VICTIM OR SIX
TRAFFIC VICTIM, BECAUSE THE COMPLEX TRAUMA OR REPEATED
TRAUMA IS OCCURRING WITH THE VICTIM AND THEY ARE EXPERIENCING
REPEATED TRAUMA, SOMETIMES THE HIPPOCAMPUS WILL SHRINK.
WHEN THE HIPPOCAMPUS SHRINKS , IT HAS A MAJOR IMPACT ON
STORYTELLING. DON'T GET ME WRONG, VICTIMS DO
LIVE, VICTIMS RECANT, VICTIMS MANIPULATE, THEY DO ALL SORTS OF
THINGS. THAT IS WHERE A GOOD INVESTIGATOR WEEDS OUT THE FACTS
FROM FICTION. THESE ARE ALL THINGS TO TAKE
INTO CONSIDERATION WHEN HE FIRST ENCOUNTERED THE VICTIM AND
PRESENTED IN A WAY THAT IS COUNTERINTUITIVE FROM WHAT YOU
WOULD EXPECT ON HOW VICTIMS
SHOULD RESPOND. WHEN THE VICTIM IS EXPERIENCING
TRAUMA, AGAIN, THERE IS MAJOR IMPACT ON STORYTELLING, OR THE
INABILITY TO TELL THE STORY FROM BEGINNING TO END.
THE VICTIM MAY TELL WHAT HAPPENS LAST AND THEN THEY FORGET
THINGS OR THEY COME BACK LATER ON AND
REMEMBER SOMETHING ELSE. SOMETIMES IT MAY COME ACROSS AS
IF THEY ARE MAKING THE STORY OUT, OR THEY ARE LYING, BECAUSE
THE REDUCED ABILITY OF EMOTION
WHEN TRAUMA HAPPENS AND ALL THE THINGS THAT HAPPENED THAT WE
TALK ABOUT. ALSO FROM THE EMOTIONAL
SIGNIFICANCE OF AN EVENT IS NOT COMMUNICATED TO THE CORTEX WHEN
THE HIPPOCAMPUS IS SHRUNK OR THEY FIRST EXPERIENCED THE
TRAUMA. SO THE STORY MADE, NOW
FRAGMENTED AND SKETCHY. THE VICTIM HAS THE INABILITY TO
RECALL EVENTS IN A SEQUENTIAL OR LINEAR WAY.
THE VICTIM MAY PRESENT AS THEY ARE LYING, THERE BEING
INVASIVE, MAKING UP THINGS AS THEY GO.
THE ACCURACY OF THE MEMORY IS IMPAIRED.
THEY MADE COMPACT AND BE ABLE TO GIVE MORE INFORMATION AS TO WHAT
MAY HAPPEN, BUT THE ACCURACY COMES INTO QUESTION BECAUSE OF
THE TRAUMA. WE ALSO KNOW THAT WHEN VICTIMS
ARE
PRESENT, SOMETIMES THEY HAVE SCATTERED BEHAVIOR.
FLAT ACCENT, NO EMOTION AT ALL WHEN THEY ARE TELLING THE STORY,
LIKE THEY ARE EATING A SANDWICH. THERE MAY -- THEY MAY BE JOKING
INAPPROPRIATELY OR WHEN THEY ARE INTERACTING.
WE TALK ABOUT COLLAPSED
IMMOBILITY. SOME SECONDARY INJURIES THAT
OCCUR WITH VICTIMS, WHY VICTIMS SHOULD BE ABLE TO REST AND
RECUPERATE AND RECOVER, SOMETIMES THEY HAVE ONGOING
ISSUES OF SLEEP DISORDERS, FLASHBACKS, EXTREME TENSION AND
ANXIETY THAT MAY BE HYPERVIGILANT IN REAL OR
PERCEIVED ENVIRONMENTS OF DANGER , THEIR OUTBURSTS OF ANGER,
MEMORY TROUBLE, SO ON AND SO FORTH.
THERE IS A HOST OF ISSUES AND THESE ARE A FEW OF THE SECONDARY
INJURIES THAT OCCUR WITH TRAUMA VICTIMS.
THEY COULD IMPACT WHEN YOU KNOW AND HOW THEY MAY BE PRESENTING
WHEN YOU TELL THE STORY. KNOWING WHAT YOU ARE JUST
LEARNED ABOUT MARY'S STORY, NOW
WHAT DO YOU THINK? ALREADY HAVE SOME RESPONSES
HERE . SOMEONE SAID, "IT IS HARD TO SAY
WITHOUT ACTUALLY SEEING HER." "I AGREE THAT HER ACTIONS
SHOULD NOT AFFECT THE RESPONSE OF THE POLICE OFFICER."
SOMEONE MADE A GOOD POINT ABOUT TRAUMA RESPONSE TO INDIVIDUALS
DISASSOCIATE FROM THE EVENT.
ABSOLUTELY THEY DISASSOCIATE TOTALLY AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO
RECALL ANYTHING.
ANYBODY ELSE HAVE ANY OTHER QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS
ABOUT WHAT YOU THINK HAPPENS TO MARY?
SOMEONE TYPED, "I HOPE THERE WAS SOME JUSTICE." I HOPE SO, TOO.
WE WILL GET TO THAT A MINUTE. SOMEONE IS TYPING THIS I WILL
LET THEM TAKE THEIR RESPONSE AND THEN MOVE ON.
GREAT POINT, SHE COULD HAVE HAD
PREVIOUS TRAUMA. I JUST TOUCHED ON COMPLEX OR
REPEATED TRAUMA. IT ALSO MAY AFFECT HOW THE
VICTIM PRESENTS DURING THE COURSE OF THE INVESTIGATION.
I DON'T KNOW ABOUT THE FRIENDS.
LET'S MOVE ON TO -- LET'S SEE WHAT HAPPENS.
WHAT HAPPENED WAS MARY'S RAPIST
WAS ARRESTED SEVERAL MONTHS LATER FOR RAPING ANOTHER WOMAN.
HIS LAST NAME WAS O'LEARY, AND
HE PLEADED GUILTY TO 28 COUNTS OF RAPE AND ASSOCIATED FELONIES
IN COLORADO. THIS HAPPENED DID 2011.
IT WAS ALMOST A YEAR -- HE WAS SENTENCED TO 327 YEARS.
YAY, THERE WAS JUSTICE. HE IS CURRENTLY INCARCERATED.
MARY ALSO SUED THE CITY AND SETTLED FOR $150,000 FOR HER
TROUBLES.
SOMEONE MADE A GOOD POINT THAT THIS COULD HAVE LED IT TO
ADDITIONAL TRAUMA. ABSOLUTELY.
THAT'S A GREAT POINT -- DO ANY OF YOU THINK THAT MARY WAS RE,
TIES DURING THE COURSE OF -- RE TRAUMATIZED
DURING THE COURSE OF ALL OF THIS OCCURRING?
SOMEONE SAID, "ABSOLUTELY, BECAUSE SHE WASN'T BELIEVED."
IF YOU DON'T REMEMBER ANYTHING ELSE, THE BIGGEST TAKE AWAY,
WHAT I WANT YOU TO TAKE AWAY FROM THE CONVERSATION TODAY IS
THAT EACH VICTIM WILL RESPOND DIFFERENTLY.
NO TWO INDIVIDUALS ARE ALIKE.
JUST AS I SAID EARLIER, ALL OF US CAN BE EXPOSED TO THE SAME
TRAUMATIC EVENT, AND EACH OF US WILL RESPOND DIFFERENTLY BASED
ON A LOT OF THINGS THAT COME INTO PLAY.
SUPPORT NETWORKS, RESILIENCY, IF THERE IS PRIOR TRAUMA IN THE
HISTORY. ALL OF THOSE THINGS COME INTO
PLAY IN TERMS OF HOW WE REACT. ONE OF THE OTHER THINGS I WANT
TO TOUCH ON THAT WE SEE A LOT
WHAT SPECIFICALLY TRAFFICKING VICTIMS IS TRAUMA BONDING.
IN SOME CIRCLES WE KNOW THIS AS STOCKHOLM SYNDROME, OR INDEED
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE -- IN THE
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ARENA, THE CYCLE OF VIOLENCE.
THESE FOUR ELEMENTS HAVE TO
HAPPEN IN ORDER FOR TRAUMA BONDING TO OCCUR.
WHAT TRAUMA BONDING IS IS THAT THE VICTIM HAS AN INTIMATE
ATTACHMENT TO THEIR ABUSER OR
THEIR TRAFFICKER. THE FIRST THING THAT OCCURS IS
THE PERSON IS THREATENED THE LIFE OF THE OTHER, AND POSSIBLY
THROUGH VIOLENCE , THE FRIGHTENED
PERSON CAN'T ESCAPE AND IS DEPENDENT ON THE ABUSER.
REMEMBER, THAT IS THE VICTIM'S
PERCEPTION, NOT OUR PERCEPTION. WHETHER THAT PERCEPTION IS
REALITY OR PERCEIVED IT IS THE VICTIM'S PERCEPTION IF THEY
DON'T HAVE A WAY OUT, AND THEY HAVE TO STAY WITH THE ABUSER.
IT IS ISOLATED FROM OTHERS TO ELIMINATE SUPPORT.
AND THEN THE ABUSER SHOWS SOME DEGREE OF KINDNESS TO THE
THREATENED PERSON. THEY MAY TAKE THEM OUT AND BUY
THEM SOMETHING NEW OR THEY MAY TREAT THEM TO SOMETHING SPECIAL
AND GET THEM SOME KIND OF SPECIAL PRIVILEGE OR WHATEVER
THE CASE MAY BE. IT BECOMES A VICIOUS CYCLE OF
THESE THINGS OCCURRING. IF YOU'RE IN A DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE ARENA COME IF YOU ARE FAMILIAR
WITH THE CYCLE OF ABUSE, THIS IS THE SAME TYPE OF ELEMENT THAT
HAPPENS THAT DRAWS THE VICTIM IN AND BECOMES DEPENDENT ON THE
ABUSER OR THE TRAFFICKER. SOME OF THE THINGS THAT OCCUR
WHEN TRAUMA BONDING HAPPENS IS THERE IS A DISTORTED PERCEPTION
OF THE OFFENDER. THE VICTIM MAY PERCEIVE THE
OFFENDER AS A POSITIVE OR SUPPORTIVE PERSON. IT IS
DISHEARTENING TO KNOW THAT THE NUMBER OF VICTIMS THAT TOLD
ME THAT THEIR TRAFFICKING SITUATION OR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
SITUATION WAS BETTER THAN THE ENVIRONMENT THEY CAME FROM.
OFFENDERS -- THE PERCEPTION IS THAT THE OFFENDER'S BEHAVIOR IS
A RESULT OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS OR MARITAL PROBLEMS.
YOU HAVE THE VICTIMS MAKING UP EXCUSES, AND THE PERCEIVED
OFFENDER, BOYFRIEND OR GIRLFRIEND, THEY SEE THE PERSON
AS SOMEONE WHO LOVES AND/OR
CARES ABOUT THEM. NOT OUR DEFINITION OF WHAT A
HEALTHY RELATIONSHIP WOULD BE,
BUT IT IS THE VICTIM'S PERCEPTION AND WHAT THEY
UNDERSTAND THAT TO BE. ALSO, USUALLY WITH THE VICTIM IS
THERE ARE PERCEPTIONS OF SELF-ESTEEM AS A VICTIM.
A LOT OF TIMES VICTIMS DON'T RECOGNIZE OR ACKNOWLEDGE
THEMSELVES AS VICTIMS. THEY FEEL RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
ABUSE AND TRAFFICKING THAT OCCURS, AND A LOT OF TIMES THEY
FEEL AS THOUGH HE OR SHE IS A PARTNER IN THE ABUSIVE
RELATIONSHIP, MEANING THAT THEY CONTRIBUTE
, SOMEHOW OR SOME WAY, IT IS THEIR FAULT THAT THE ABUSE
OR THE TRAFFICKING IS OCCURRING. WHEN WE TALK ABOUT THE
VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH, WITH ALL THAT WE TALK ABOUT IN THIS
DISCUSSION WITH TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE AND HOW WE INFORM VICTIMS
AND NOT BASING IT ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AND HOW THEY PRESENT
OUR VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH ALWAYS AVOIDS JUDGMENT OF WHAT
THE VICTIM MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE EXPERIENCED, AND EXCESSIVE
SYMPATHY CAN BE PERCEIVED AS A PUT DOWN OR CONDESCENDING.
PLEASE DON'T ARGUE WITH THE VICTIM.
I'VE SEEN LAW ENFORCEMENT ARGUE AND INTERROGATE VICTIMS, WHICH
WILL GET YOU NOWHERE EXCEPT SHUT DOWN VICTIMS.
THE QUESTION OF THE VICTIM'S REACTIONS -- ASKING THEM WHY
THEY DID WHAT THEY DID OR SAID WHAT THEY SAID WHEN THEY WERE IN
THE MIDST OF THE TRAFFICKING. AND ASSUMING THAT YOU KNOW THE
ANSWER. OUR VICTIMS, OR MOST VICTIMS
ARE NOT THAT -- THEY ARE VERY INTELLIGENT, THEY ARE JUST IN A
HORRIBLE SITUATION. ASSUME THAT YOU ALREADY KNOW THE
ANSWER, THEY WILL BE ABLE TO PICK UP ON THAT, YOU WILL LOSE
THE VICTIM AND ANY TRUST AND RAPPORT YOU HAVE ESTABLISHED.
ONE WE ALSO KNOW, AND WHY OUR VICTIMS SERVICE PROGRAM EXISTS
CAN WE KNOW THAT THEY REQUIRE
COMPREHENSIVE HOLISTIC SERVICES. SOME PREFER TO IT AS WRAPAROUND
SERVICES, MAKING SURE VICTIMS HAVE WHAT THEY NEED IN TERMS OF
RESOURCES AND SUPPORT.
ASSISTING THE VICTIM REINTEGRATING INTO THEIR FAMILY
AND SOCIETY, IF THEY SO CHOOSE.
SELF-DETERMINATION ALWAYS SHOULD COME INTO PLAY.
TRAINING AND EDUCATION FOR PUBLIC LAW ENFORCEMENT AND
SERVICE PROVIDERS WILL ALSO ASSIST WITH THE VICTIMS
RETURNING TO A HEALTHY, FULFILLING LIFE.
THIS IS THE BLUE CAMPAIGN'S
CONTACT INFORMATION AGAIN. SCOTT AND MY E-MAIL ADDRESS,
SHOULD YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS AFTER THE WEBINAR ENDS -- DOES
ANYBODY HAVE QUESTIONS FOR ME AND WHAT WE COVERED?
WE WENT THROUGH THAT KIND OF FAST.
>> NOW IS A GOOD
TIME TO TYPE IN YOUR QUESTIONS SO WE CAN GET TO
THEM. I WANT TO REMIND EVERYBODY THAT
UPON LEAVING THE WEBINAR TODAY, WE WANT YOU TO TAKE THE SHORT
SURVEY AT THE END. THOUGH FREE TO DO THAT AS WELL.
WE WILL TAKE A MOMENT AND WAIT FOR SOME QUESTIONS TO COME IN.
>> THE FIRST QUESTION IS, I'M
ASSUMING, WHAT KIND OF TRAINING IS BEING PROVIDED TO LAW
ENFORCEMENT? IS IT AGENCY-SPECIFIC?
>> WHY DON'T YOU TAKE THIS ON FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRAUMA
--
>> WE DO A NUMBER OF THINGS. OUR FORENSIC INTERVIEW
SPECIALISTS WORK WITH CHILD ADVOCACY CENTERS ON PROVIDING
TRAINING AND EDUCATION ON HOW TO FORENSICALLY INTERVIEWED
CHILDREN AND NOT TO RE, TYSON. THERE IS SPECIFIC PRODUCT --
NOT TO RETRAUMATIZE THEM. THERE IS SPECIFIC TRAINING FOR
THE FORENSIC INTERVIEW. WE ALSO ARE PARTNERED WITH THE
STATE DEPARTMENT AND TRAVEL GLOBALLY TO EDUCATE ON VICTIMS
SERVICES ON THE INTERNATIONAL LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACADEMY.
THE SPECIALISTS TRAVEL
YEAR-ROUND TO EDUCATE ON DOCTRINE AND VICTIM SERVICES.
>> SOUNDS GOOD.
>> EXPRESS TO HIM, DOES -- NEXT
QUESTION, DOES HSI PROVIDE EMERGENCY RESPONSE SITUATIONS?
>>WE ABSOLUTELY DO. IT IS A DOJ
GRANT PROVIDED TO US FOR CRISIS INTERVENTION AND, FOR
EXAMPLE, WHEN VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING ARE RESCUED
AND THEY MAY NOT HAVE CLOTHES OR FOOD OR
HOUSING OR NEEDED MEDICAL ATTENTION.
WE CAN UTILIZE THE EMERGENCY FUNDS FOR THE SERVICES TO MAKE
SURE THEY HAVE THE SERVICES. HOW DID YOUR CULTURAL THING WAS
VERY AS AFFECTED THE VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH TO
TRAFFICKING? WE ARE VERY AWARE ESPECIALLY
WHEN WE KNOW THAT THEY DON'T HAVE STATUS OR THEY ARE FROM
ANOTHER COUNTRY.
THAT IS PART OF THE TRAINING TO ASSESS CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AND
THINGS THAT CAN EVEN WHEN IT
COMES TO FOOD AND DRESS, THEY ARE SENSITIVE TO THE NEEDS OF
THE VICTIM WHEN THEY NEED SPECIFIC FOODS BECAUSE OF THE
ETHNICITY OR RELIGION OR HOW
THEY DRESS. WE ARE VERY MUCH AWARE OF THOSE
TYPES OF THINGS THAT HAPPENED. WE ALSO HAVE SPECIALISTS AND
INTERVIEWERS THAT SPEAK DIFFERENT LANGUAGES, AND IF WE
DON'T HAVE SOMEONE WE HAVE A LANGUAGE PROGRAM WHERE WE HIRE
INTERPRETERS AND BRING THEM IN TO SPEAK WITH VICTIMS.
SOME LAW-ENFORCEMENT INVESTIGATORS GET TIPS FOR DON'T
PASS THE FIRST INTERVIEW, BECAUSE AFTER THAT, THE
POTENTIAL VICTIM DISAPPEARS.
WHAT SHOULD AN INVESTIGATOR, PREPARED WITH TO THE VERY FIRST
INTERVIEW?
>> THAT IS AN INTERESTING QUESTION.
I WOULD LIKE TO LET -- PAULETTE
TO ANSWER IT FROM A MORE TRAUMA-INFORMED PERSPECTIVE.
THE INITIAL INTERVIEW MAY BE AN INVESTIGATIVE INTERVIEW.
FOR WE KNOW ABOUT HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIMS IS THAT IT
IS REALLY HARD TO DO AN INVESTIGATIVE INTERVIEW ON THE
FIRST INTERVIEW. THERE IS NO MAGIC TRAINING THAT
WE CAN GIVE SOMEONE TO FIX THAT. I THINK WHAT WE WANT TO KNOW
GOING INTO THAT IN THE INITIAL INTERVIEW, WHAT ARE THE
RESOURCES IN YOUR COMMUNITY, WHAT ARE THE BIGGEST BARRIERS TO
FACE GOING INTO THAT, WHAT ARE SOME OF THE POTENTIAL VICTIM
STABILITY ISSUES THAT YOU WANT TO MAYBE ANTICIPATE?
MY BEST ADVICE TO WORK WITH
EXPERIENCED VICTIM ASSISTANCE SPECIALIST.
KNOWING WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT THE CASE, WHAT ARE SOME OF THE MORE
COMMON -- WHEN I SAY STABILITY AND WHETHER IT IS HOUSING ISSUES
COME MEDICAL ISSUES, FOOD ISSUES -- WHAT ARE THE ISSUES YOU CAN
BE PREPARED FOR. THE FIRST INTERVIEW SHOULD BE
FOCUSED ON BUILDING THE
RAPPORT WITH THE VICTIM. IF IT HAS BEEN BUILT EVEN FROM
THE START OF THE FIRST INTERVIEW, IN MY PEANUT FOR THE
VICTIM TO HAVE CONFIDENCE AND FAITH THAT LAW ENFORCEMENT IS
THAT HELP THEM. IS THERE ANYTHING ELSE YOU WOULD
LIKE TO ADD?
>> WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE ASSESS FOR SAFETY.
THOSE OF THE ISSUES THAT SCOTT TALKED ABOUT AN WE ASSESSED FOR
SAFETY. THERE IS NO MAGIC WAND TO MAKE
SURE THAT THE VICTIM DOESN'T DISAPPEAR. OUR VICTIM
ASSISTANCE SPECIALIST WORKS CLOSELY WITH THE AGENTS
AND WHEN THE AGENTS GO OUT, THEY USUALLY TAKE A SPECIALIST WITH
THEM. WE ALSO HAVE VICTIM ASSISTANCE
COORDINATORS. THOSE ARE AGENTS THAT HAVE BEEN
SPECIALLY TRAINED TO ASSIST WITH THE VICTIMS IDENTIFIED DURING A
CRISIS SITUATION. USUALLY THE VICTIM ASSISTANCE
SPECIALIST, HELPING WITH ASSISTING THE VICTIM, HE STARTED
TO FEEL THE TRUST AND REPORT. DOES NOT GUARANTEE THAT IT
DISAPPEARS BUT IT INCREASES THE POSSIBILITY THEY WILL STAY AND
RECEIVE ASSISTANCE FROM US. IS THIS TRAINING AVAILABLE FOR
DOWNLOAD?
>> THAT IS ANOTHER GOOD QUESTION.
WHEN WE START TALKING ABOUT VICTIM-CENTERED TRAINING, WE
HAVE TO BE VERY CAREFUL WITH THAT INFORMATION, BECAUSE WE
WANT TO MAKE SURE IT DOESN'T NECESSARILY GET OUT OF THE
GENERAL PUBLIC, BECAUSE THE BIGGEST DANGER RIGHT NOW WITH
THE AWARENESS GOING ON IF HUMAN TRAFFICKING IS WE DON'T REALLY
WANT A CITIZEN WALKING UP TO A POTENTIAL VICTIM AND SAW
SOMETHING ONLINE AND NOW WANTS TO INTERVIEW THEM AND TAKE THAT
WILL ALWAYS FROM LAW-ENFORCEMENT, BECAUSE WE KNOW
IT IT IS A VERY DANGEROUS SITUATION NOT JUST FOR THE
VICTIM BUT FOR THE PERSON TRYING TO INTERFERE.
WE DO HAVE SOME MATERIAL THAT
COULD BE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE HOMELAND SECURITY INFORMATION
NETWORK, FOR THE FEDERAL LAW
ENFORCEMENT TRAINING CENTER WEBPAGE. THAT IS WHAT WE HAVE.
WE DON'T HAVE IT FOR THE GENERAL PUBLIC TO DOWNLOAD.
>> ARE THERE FUNDS FOR THE
OVERSEAS HSI OPERATIONS? I'M NOT SURE I UNDERSTAND THE
QUESTION.
>> DOES THAT QUESTION MEAN IDENTIFYING VICTIMS THAT MIGHT
BE U.S. CITIZENS IDENTIFIED OVERSEAS?
THAT IS ONE WAY TO LOOK AT THE QUESTION.
HSI DOES HAVE A CACHET OF THIS
IS A RECEIPT -- ATTACHE OFFICES
OVERSEAS AND THEIR WORK WITH FOREIGN NATIONALS TO IDENTIFY
THREATS THAT COME TO THE UNITED STATES LIST OF I DON'T KNOW OF
ANY AMERICAN VICTIMS THAT IDENTIFIED BY HSI OVERSEAS.
>> I'M NOT SURE HOW TO ANSWER
QUESTIONS, WHAT YOU ARE ASKING. IF YOU ARE ASKING ABOUT VICTIMS
IDENTIFIED DURING THE COURSE --
INTERVIEWERS OFTEN TRAVEL WITH THE AGENT IF WE HAVE A U.S.
CITIZEN THAT IS TRAVELING OVERSEAS TO DEFEND AGAINST
CHILDREN. UNFORTUNATELY WE DON'T HAVE
SERVICES WE NECESSARILY PROVIDE
. WE WORK WITH THE COUNTRY THEY ARE IN TO THE BEST OF THEIR
ABILITY TO PROVIDE WHATEVER SERVICES THEY HAVE AVAILABLE,
AND THE FORENSIC INTERVIEWER HAS ASSISTANCE TRAINING AND
BACKGROUND SO THEY WILL PROVIDE WHATEVER ASSISTANCE AND
RESOURCES AND INFORMATION THEY CAN PROVIDE.
WHAT DO YOU RECOMMEND WORKING
WITH MARY WHO HAS BEEN WORKING
WITH AN AGENT WHO DOES NOT USE THE VICTIM-CENTERED APPROACH?
EDUCATION, EDUCATION, EDUCATION. IF THAT AGENT OR THAT PERSON
ISN'T WILLING TO LISTEN, AND IF THE ISSUE IS SEVERE ENOUGH, I
HAVE GONE TO SUPERVISORS SPOKE WITHOUT -- HAS IT MANY POPULAR,
BUT IT IS IN THE WAY THAT YOU APPROACH -- HEY, YOU NEED SOME
TRAINING, OR YOUR AGENTS OR POLICE OFFICERS NEED
TRAINING ON SERVICES, AND HERE IS WHY.
THOSE ARE SOME OF THE APPROACHES YOU CAN TAKE WITH THAT.
WHAT IF THAT IS AN ICE AGE AND SPECIFICALLY?
I'M NOT SURE I UNDERSTAND THE QUESTION.
>> THE PERSON WHO DIDN'T BELIEVE MARY --
>> IF IT'S AN HSI AGENT, GOING
TO THE INDIVIDUAL SUPERVISOR OR WHOEVER YOU HAVE AN ESTABLISHED
RELATIONSHIP WITH AN OFFERING TRAINING AND EDUCATION.
ANY OTHER QUESTIONS?
>> LOOKS LIKE WE MAY HAVE ONE
MORE COMING IN. I WANT TO TAKE A MINUTE AND
THANKED EVERYONE FOR YOUR ATTENTION THIS AFTERNOON.
THIS HAS BEEN AN AMAZING WEBINAR.
I WANT TO THANK DR. HUBBARD,
WHO DID AN AMAZING JOB EXPLAINING
THESE ISSUES. STICK AROUND FOR A FEW MORE
MINUTES TO HANDLE ANY MORE QUESTIONS THAT MIGHT BE COMING
IN.
>> THE QUESTION IS FROM ADDRESSING THE OVERSEAS FUNDING
QUESTION ABOVE -- IF A FOREIGN NATIONAL VICTIM HAS BEEN A
VICTIM OF TRAFFICKING IN THE UNITED STATES AND HAS RETURNED
TO THEIR HOME COUNTRY, IF THEY BECOME A WITNESS IN A U.S.
PROSECUTION, THEY COULD BE BROUGHT BACK TO THE U.S. VI
-- AT WHICH POINT THEY BECOME ELIGIBLE
FOR SERVICES IN THE U.S.
YES, ABSOLUTELY CORRECT. IF THEY ARE IN THE U.S. AND
ELIGIBLE FOR SERVICES.
>>
THERE WOULD BE SPECIFIC TYPES OF VISAS THEY CAN APPLY FOR.
IF THEY FLED TO THE U.S. AFTER
TRAFFICKING AND RETURN FOR TRIAL, THEY APPLY FOR A VISA
BECAUSE THEY ARE A VICTIM OF ONE OF THE 20 8 IN CRIMES AND THEY
HAVE STATUS.
T IS RESERVED FOR TRAFFICKED VICTIMS, BUT THAT ONLY APPLIES
IF THE VICTIM AND LEFT THE COUNTRY -- HADN'T LEFT THE
COUNTRY. THAT IS A WHOLE OTHER WEBINAR,
WHOLE OTHER DAY OF IMMIGRATION RELIEF THAT HOMELAND SECURITY
PROVIDES, BUT WE DO THE BEST WEEKEND. AND, I DON'T
KNOW, THAT MIGHT BE IT.
OK. IN THAT CASE
, YOU CAN CLOSE OUT.
>> I WOULD LIKE TO THANK
EVERYBODY FOR JOINING US AND PARTICIPATING IN THE WEBINAR.
IF UF ANY QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS OR CONCERNS OR THINGS THAT YOU
ARE UNCOMFORTABLE BRINGING UP HERE IN THE WEBINAR, TAKING IN,
PLEASE FEEL FREE TO E-MAIL ME OR GIVE ME A CALL AND WE CAN
DISCUSS FURTHER.