WEBVTT

717bb3a5-b4c5-4c6d-b326-e2dbbecfbd9d-0
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Good afternoon, I am Chrissi
Guth with CBP's Office of Trade

717bb3a5-b4c5-4c6d-b326-e2dbbecfbd9d-1
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Relations.

5aa15873-f575-4f42-a763-27dcd0df7359-0
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Today's webinar is on tufted felt
and other textile floor

5aa15873-f575-4f42-a763-27dcd0df7359-1
00:00:14.521 --> 00:00:19.560
coverings of 57O3 to 57O5 and
59O4.

29fecff3-68d8-49fd-9cb1-69c3ec04911a-0
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This webinar is a part of the
NCSD's 2024 webinar series.

f5cc7c06-855a-4e89-bcfd-ba75071225e5-0
00:00:25.960 --> 00:00:28.732
Please be mindful that you will
be on mute during the

f5cc7c06-855a-4e89-bcfd-ba75071225e5-1
00:00:28.732 --> 00:00:29.400
presentation.

09110069-eae8-491c-bfe8-f53db47b0ebc-0
00:00:29.440 --> 00:00:32.446
Therefore, we ask that you
please submit any questions you

09110069-eae8-491c-bfe8-f53db47b0ebc-1
00:00:32.446 --> 00:00:33.720
have in the chat feature.

f68449fd-654f-46a8-813a-afded412e862-0
00:00:34.640 --> 00:00:38.620
If you plan to request the
optional CCS or CES credits

f68449fd-654f-46a8-813a-afded412e862-1
00:00:38.620 --> 00:00:43.253
through the NCBFAA Educational
Institute, please check the chat

f68449fd-654f-46a8-813a-afded412e862-2
00:00:43.253 --> 00:00:45.280
box for the completion code.

fece1d42-0ac2-4768-9aab-d06d1b8c7cf8-0
00:00:45.880 --> 00:00:50.293
It will be provided at the end
of the webinar and on the end of

fece1d42-0ac2-4768-9aab-d06d1b8c7cf8-1
00:00:50.293 --> 00:00:51.880
the presentation slide.

503c0375-65b4-40b3-a339-de1783b0702a-0
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Now I would like to pass it over
to National Import Specialist

503c0375-65b4-40b3-a339-de1783b0702a-1
00:00:56.571 --> 00:00:57.320
Kim Wachtel.

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Thank you, Chrissi.

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I'm just trying to get my cursor
in the right location.

8e0f2a9d-a4d6-42d9-90e3-1ee7a5ed8a50-0
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OK, thanks.

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Good afternoon, everyone.

856b3271-7e5a-4e81-9e16-eac8e5293174-0
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My name is Kim Wachtel and I
handle textile floor coverings

856b3271-7e5a-4e81-9e16-eac8e5293174-1
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for the National Commodity
Specialist division.

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Welcome to today's webinar on
headings 57 O 3 through 57 O 5

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and 57 O 4 or I'm sorry, 59 O 4.

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I have just a few general slides
that I need to go through.

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First, the NCSD is here to
support CB PS mission to

d6211123-9e46-4d9a-9ae7-badead920989-1
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facilitate trade and create a
level playing field for American

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business.

34c9edd9-47d6-45ce-95d7-c5132dcc19b5-0
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To that end, our office spends a
great deal of time meeting with

34c9edd9-47d6-45ce-95d7-c5132dcc19b5-1
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the trade on specific issues,
engaging in bi directional

34c9edd9-47d6-45ce-95d7-c5132dcc19b5-2
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training and issuing binding
rulings.

e8b259a0-036a-4269-ac30-2c283af64570-0
00:01:58.400 --> 00:02:01.976
The information cover today is
for training and educational

e8b259a0-036a-4269-ac30-2c283af64570-1
00:02:01.976 --> 00:02:04.600
purposes and should be
considered advisory.

33998122-d940-4e59-82a5-f34fe4470c0e-0
00:02:05.040 --> 00:02:07.600
It is not a substitute for a
binding ruling.

096f3b82-c592-4a32-97d8-0f0cfcc0d371-0
00:02:08.000 --> 00:02:12.284
Statutory and regulatory changes
can occur at any time, and some

096f3b82-c592-4a32-97d8-0f0cfcc0d371-1
00:02:12.284 --> 00:02:13.800
issues are complicated.

60ddbd88-653e-47b1-9d88-247ca28121b6-0
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It's just a good idea to
consider requesting a binding

60ddbd88-653e-47b1-9d88-247ca28121b6-1
00:02:17.606 --> 00:02:19.960
rolling on your specific
merchandise.

e3c025c4-e8f7-4141-a9ba-5baf830e9d6f-0
00:02:20.480 --> 00:02:23.270
The photographs in this
presentation are intended only

e3c025c4-e8f7-4141-a9ba-5baf830e9d6f-1
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to illustrate the various
concepts I'll be covering.

01067f28-a721-4668-8e8f-81dbc578e461-0
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By showing a photo of a
particular item, it does not in

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any way mean that we're
officially providing a

01067f28-a721-4668-8e8f-81dbc578e461-2
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classification of that item, or
that it represents the exact

01067f28-a721-4668-8e8f-81dbc578e461-3
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item of any ruling cited on the
slide.

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Also, the images in this webinar
were either taken by myself or

419ce376-3f5e-44d9-9c3b-2116d2407cec-1
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in the public domain, made
available under the appropriate

419ce376-3f5e-44d9-9c3b-2116d2407cec-2
00:02:49.691 --> 00:02:54.411
copyright licenses or permission
was generously granted from the

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00:02:54.411 --> 00:02:54.920
source.

b624473d-b4ae-4ab4-ae23-adb3b7ba062e-0
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Credit is provided where
practical and required for some

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of the images throughout, but
each image is credited at the

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end of the presentation.

f52995cf-1b6b-4954-a0bf-8cc8fe7ad631-0
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As mentioned, importers are
encouraged to obtain a binding

f52995cf-1b6b-4954-a0bf-8cc8fe7ad631-1
00:03:11.348 --> 00:03:15.347
ruling or obtain advice from an
expert who specializes in

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00:03:15.347 --> 00:03:18.520
customs matters before importing
merchandise.

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The website where you can find
more information on our E

57b1e178-4612-4328-80db-4ad741e74ac4-1
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Rulings program is provided on
the slide.

ccf921f0-4156-4dd4-ad30-68a3e3bb3cda-0
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I like to have a sample of the
items submitted with the ruling

ccf921f0-4156-4dd4-ad30-68a3e3bb3cda-1
00:03:30.169 --> 00:03:30.800
request.

4f9c9716-b03d-4f3f-928f-c2e5d6413f70-0
00:03:30.800 --> 00:03:34.675
I understand that that's not
always possible, and we'll do my

4f9c9716-b03d-4f3f-928f-c2e5d6413f70-1
00:03:34.675 --> 00:03:38.801
best to issue a ruling without a
sample if sufficient information

4f9c9716-b03d-4f3f-928f-c2e5d6413f70-2
00:03:38.801 --> 00:03:42.240
concerning materials and
construction can be provided.

819d03c8-d340-4045-ba1d-09600f58c9ac-0
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But understand it's not always
going to be enough and you do

819d03c8-d340-4045-ba1d-09600f58c9ac-1
00:03:47.492 --> 00:03:52.917
run the risk of a reject which
only delays the issuance of the

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ruling.

9c0d998a-33a9-48d4-bd58-48f0d97d5b8a-0
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So please provide a sample if at
all possible.

cdcdd38c-837d-4821-a562-3f7177bb90ec-0
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Samples can be returned if a
prepaid return shipping label or

cdcdd38c-837d-4821-a562-3f7177bb90ec-1
00:04:02.423 --> 00:04:05.600
a Express account number is
provided.

babb53a4-89f1-475f-8397-8399d8f5d4f6-0
00:04:05.960 --> 00:04:10.186
However, before requesting the
sample be returned, understand

babb53a4-89f1-475f-8397-8399d8f5d4f6-1
00:04:10.186 --> 00:04:13.799
that some samples may be damaged
during the exam, as

babb53a4-89f1-475f-8397-8399d8f5d4f6-2
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deconstructing a sample may be
necessary to determine the

babb53a4-89f1-475f-8397-8399d8f5d4f6-3
00:04:17.752 --> 00:04:21.433
correct classification, as
you'll see throughout this

babb53a4-89f1-475f-8397-8399d8f5d4f6-4
00:04:21.433 --> 00:04:22.320
presentation.

6be95755-d56c-4c8a-8a45-a9e6245cc898-0
00:04:24.920 --> 00:04:29.942
So in 2022 I delivered a webinar
on nodded floor coverings of

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00:04:29.942 --> 00:04:31.320
heading 57O1.

ccf82435-f9b6-42d1-938f-3cf95b60d1fc-0
00:04:31.440 --> 00:04:35.773
Last year I covered woven
textile floor coverings of

ccf82435-f9b6-42d1-938f-3cf95b60d1fc-1
00:04:35.773 --> 00:04:37.000
heading 57O2.

73278330-7dff-4abd-a97d-6afc2228512e-0
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This webinar will provide
information on the three

73278330-7dff-4abd-a97d-6afc2228512e-1
00:04:41.834 --> 00:04:46.900
remaining headings of Chapter
5703, 04 and O5, which

73278330-7dff-4abd-a97d-6afc2228512e-2
00:04:46.900 --> 00:04:50.720
cover tufted, felt and other
floor coverings.

b9d3e60b-743c-409e-9fd4-e557147acba5-0
00:04:51.240 --> 00:04:56.062
I also handle 5904 which
covers linoleum and the like, so

b9d3e60b-743c-409e-9fd4-e557147acba5-1
00:04:56.062 --> 00:04:59.920
I will also cover what goes
under that heading.

226b18d2-9418-445b-bd7e-3a03ceb38109-0
00:05:00.400 --> 00:05:05.253
Before everyone goes rushing to
look at the other presentations

226b18d2-9418-445b-bd7e-3a03ceb38109-1
00:05:05.253 --> 00:05:09.802
on cbp.gov though, there is
currently an issue with viewing

226b18d2-9418-445b-bd7e-3a03ceb38109-2
00:05:09.802 --> 00:05:12.760
the slides from the 2022
presentation.

bb671d93-964b-4ed0-ae38-30f1bc4dd156-0
00:05:13.400 --> 00:05:13.800
I can't.

b897d54b-4b52-4b16-a621-61aae05e8650-0
00:05:13.800 --> 00:05:17.920
You can hear the the audio fine,
but you can't see the slides.

34149d41-84b4-4692-bff0-ee85187dbfc6-0
00:05:18.400 --> 00:05:23.665
I'm told this is a compatibility
issue with the new platform and

34149d41-84b4-4692-bff0-ee85187dbfc6-1
00:05:23.665 --> 00:05:28.607
that we are working to get those
slides up, but we have been

34149d41-84b4-4692-bff0-ee85187dbfc6-2
00:05:28.607 --> 00:05:33.630
doing that for a while and I've
have had people contact me in

34149d41-84b4-4692-bff0-ee85187dbfc6-3
00:05:33.630 --> 00:05:34.360
the past.

7802d098-8669-48c7-a5cc-a18f4fd5a485-0
00:05:34.880 --> 00:05:38.383
Please in the meantime, if you
have any questions, please feel

7802d098-8669-48c7-a5cc-a18f4fd5a485-1
00:05:38.383 --> 00:05:39.440
free to contact me.

2446724f-4909-48b0-82be-e73a89e56dfc-0
00:05:40.400 --> 00:05:44.807
Just like the prior webinars, it
all comes down to construction,

2446724f-4909-48b0-82be-e73a89e56dfc-1
00:05:44.807 --> 00:05:47.520
how the floor covering is put
together.

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I'll talk about the structure of
these remaining headings and

b8494168-07ce-4c9d-b099-4efb22aeaa65-1
00:05:51.194 --> 00:05:53.280
discuss their construction
properties.

6f6d5286-eaa4-443f-9318-36be3d666e26-0
00:05:53.760 --> 00:05:56.793
The theme of our webinar series
this year is greening the

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00:05:56.793 --> 00:05:57.160
tariff.

a738b190-ddc2-45a8-b7b8-90889430163b-0
00:05:57.160 --> 00:06:01.301
So in lieu of knowledge check
questions, I'm going to discuss

a738b190-ddc2-45a8-b7b8-90889430163b-1
00:06:01.301 --> 00:06:05.376
the impact of textile floor
coverings on our environment and

a738b190-ddc2-45a8-b7b8-90889430163b-2
00:06:05.376 --> 00:06:09.518
initiatives that help to reduce
the carbon footprint of these

a738b190-ddc2-45a8-b7b8-90889430163b-3
00:06:09.518 --> 00:06:10.120
products.

a6e2dec8-7e91-4ebd-86cd-3cc80281b133-0
00:06:10.600 --> 00:06:15.271
As you can see, I have included
slide numbers on the slide on

a6e2dec8-7e91-4ebd-86cd-3cc80281b133-1
00:06:15.271 --> 00:06:19.717
this slide for each topic, so
this will make it easier for

a6e2dec8-7e91-4ebd-86cd-3cc80281b133-2
00:06:19.717 --> 00:06:24.088
those watching the recording who
may be interested in one

a6e2dec8-7e91-4ebd-86cd-3cc80281b133-3
00:06:24.088 --> 00:06:25.520
particular heading.

ae274956-855e-4e0c-83c2-3b969c756a07-0
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This will allow you to find the
section you are seeking quicker.

6a95f5dd-53f0-43c5-8862-3fa85ca4dfa6-0
00:06:30.240 --> 00:06:34.273
Feel free to type any questions
you have in the chat box

6a95f5dd-53f0-43c5-8862-3fa85ca4dfa6-1
00:06:34.273 --> 00:06:38.307
throughout the presentation, but
I will be answering the

6a95f5dd-53f0-43c5-8862-3fa85ca4dfa6-2
00:06:38.307 --> 00:06:41.280
questions at the end of the
presentation.

aae57f6d-cbe0-4b0b-accb-f3a4e6d32b0a-0
00:06:41.320 --> 00:06:45.880
The presentation itself should
run for about one hour.

c5f71f94-0cc7-48a4-b531-eaff05aa5a68-0
00:06:47.160 --> 00:06:51.919
1st, I want to remind you of
some of the requirements to

c5f71f94-0cc7-48a4-b531-eaff05aa5a68-1
00:06:51.919 --> 00:06:53.840
classify in Chapter 57.

42775953-1309-46f4-86b4-1f0942b61e6d-0
00:06:54.280 --> 00:06:59.260
To be classified under Chapter
57, textile materials must serve

42775953-1309-46f4-86b4-1f0942b61e6d-1
00:06:59.260 --> 00:07:01.440
as the exposed surface area.

4dff9b22-36e0-4caa-a90d-09e153ef515b-0
00:07:01.440 --> 00:07:07.613
When in use, pile fabrics and
floor coverings are classified

4dff9b22-36e0-4caa-a90d-09e153ef515b-1
00:07:07.613 --> 00:07:11.560
by the material that makes U the
pile.

683b341f-e13b-4a02-9339-a7a881caa078-0
00:07:11.880 --> 00:07:16.746
In other words, if you have a
tufted rug with a primary base

683b341f-e13b-4a02-9339-a7a881caa078-1
00:07:16.746 --> 00:07:21.851
fabric of polypropylene and wool
pile yarns, the floor covering

683b341f-e13b-4a02-9339-a7a881caa078-2
00:07:21.851 --> 00:07:26.080
would be classified as a tufted
wool floor covering.

39506b94-e91a-4da1-8c67-08e0ca592231-0
00:07:26.480 --> 00:07:30.809
No consideration is given to any
of the other components of the

39506b94-e91a-4da1-8c67-08e0ca592231-1
00:07:30.809 --> 00:07:31.080
rug.

a46edf8f-8b91-4859-adfd-33eafc891837-0
00:07:31.440 --> 00:07:35.733
You don't need to determine if
one component weighs more than

a46edf8f-8b91-4859-adfd-33eafc891837-1
00:07:35.733 --> 00:07:39.680
the other and make an essential
character determination.

a1afec00-a20d-4776-8e41-4cdecc7f08c1-0
00:07:40.160 --> 00:07:42.800
It will be classified based on
the pile.

602c0610-f781-4fd1-b05e-703d4fadf4c5-0
00:07:43.480 --> 00:07:47.733
Characteristics we look at when
examining floor coverings

602c0610-f781-4fd1-b05e-703d4fadf4c5-1
00:07:47.733 --> 00:07:50.960
include thickness, stiffness,
and strength.

0bef43a6-4563-4c50-a0a8-d72cd789169f-0
00:07:51.920 --> 00:07:56.491
If an item has multiple uses,
for instance as a wall hanging

0bef43a6-4563-4c50-a0a8-d72cd789169f-1
00:07:56.491 --> 00:08:00.988
and a floor covering, and has
the thickness, stiffness, and

0bef43a6-4563-4c50-a0a8-d72cd789169f-2
00:08:00.988 --> 00:08:05.935
strength of a floor covering, it
will be classified under Chapter

0bef43a6-4563-4c50-a0a8-d72cd789169f-3
00:08:05.935 --> 00:08:06.160
57.

82f4d72f-15dd-4021-ae0b-b1826e8d631d-0
00:08:06.640 --> 00:08:10.800
If it doesn't, then it would be
classified outside the chapter.

c945d1a7-88f7-41b1-ae4d-d9a410ed8354-0
00:08:11.920 --> 00:08:16.715
And finally, customs rulings
have set general parameters that

c945d1a7-88f7-41b1-ae4d-d9a410ed8354-1
00:08:16.715 --> 00:08:21.279
indicate a rug or map must
measure more than 4 square feet

c945d1a7-88f7-41b1-ae4d-d9a410ed8354-2
00:08:21.279 --> 00:08:24.760
in order to be suitable as a
floor covering.

3d5364ea-9f1e-4b4f-b3a1-03dd9a3b980d-0
00:08:25.200 --> 00:08:27.200
This is not a hard and fast
rule.

005f04f3-af1c-4f6b-9038-07f3d63ac6b2-0
00:08:27.200 --> 00:08:31.482
It's not in the legal notes of
the tariff or in the explanatory

005f04f3-af1c-4f6b-9038-07f3d63ac6b2-1
00:08:31.482 --> 00:08:35.229
notes, but it is established,
established through prior

005f04f3-af1c-4f6b-9038-07f3d63ac6b2-2
00:08:35.229 --> 00:08:38.040
rulings illustrating all of
these points.

dfda343b-a7a4-464d-9131-5bef87ab7042-0
00:08:38.040 --> 00:08:43.148
Headquarters recently issued a
reconsideration ruling

dfda343b-a7a4-464d-9131-5bef87ab7042-1
00:08:43.148 --> 00:08:48.541
Headquarters H3256O2 on the
classification of a pet bowl

dfda343b-a7a4-464d-9131-5bef87ab7042-2
00:08:48.541 --> 00:08:48.920
mat.

bc412e58-0201-4770-b374-10da11a6ea84-0
00:08:49.320 --> 00:08:53.846
It's the kind of mat well that
you place under a pet's food or

bc412e58-0201-4770-b374-10da11a6ea84-1
00:08:53.846 --> 00:08:57.080
water bowl to protect the floor
from spills.

82c266fb-4e1f-4e4b-8eac-452e9d6e8cec-0
00:08:57.600 --> 00:09:03.207
The mat was of knitted pile
construction and consisted of

82c266fb-4e1f-4e4b-8eac-452e9d6e8cec-1
00:09:03.207 --> 00:09:09.298
three layers, a printed face of
pile of 100% polyester, a thin

82c266fb-4e1f-4e4b-8eac-452e9d6e8cec-2
00:09:09.298 --> 00:09:15.292
layer of foam and 100% polyester
knit backing with Poly vinyl

82c266fb-4e1f-4e4b-8eac-452e9d6e8cec-3
00:09:15.292 --> 00:09:20.320
chloride dots applied to create
a non skid surface.

8b104a3b-8c04-4a81-b2eb-1115b803f21d-0
00:09:21.000 --> 00:09:25.388
The edges have an overlock
stitch and the mat measure 10 by

8b104a3b-8c04-4a81-b2eb-1115b803f21d-1
00:09:25.388 --> 00:09:26.120
20 inches.

edd2fafe-f232-4cf7-a57c-b0a74f7378b3-0
00:09:26.520 --> 00:09:31.542
Though the mat had a textile
surface, the headquarters ruling

edd2fafe-f232-4cf7-a57c-b0a74f7378b3-1
00:09:31.542 --> 00:09:36.483
stated that it was thin and
flimsy and not stiff and did not

edd2fafe-f232-4cf7-a57c-b0a74f7378b3-2
00:09:36.483 --> 00:09:40.695
meet the four square foot
guideline and the mat was

edd2fafe-f232-4cf7-a57c-b0a74f7378b3-3
00:09:40.695 --> 00:09:42.720
excluded from Chapter 57.

8f22c196-942a-4827-90ca-c74178216600-0
00:09:45.280 --> 00:09:50.660
So moving on to the headings,
heading 57 O3 used to be a very

8f22c196-942a-4827-90ca-c74178216600-1
00:09:50.660 --> 00:09:55.954
simple short heading, but in
recent years it was expanded to

8f22c196-942a-4827-90ca-c74178216600-2
00:09:55.954 --> 00:09:59.600
specifically provide for
artificial turf.

3ed485c8-b40e-41b8-94be-934d439df7b4-0
00:10:00.320 --> 00:10:04.621
After determining based on the
criteria on the last slide that

3ed485c8-b40e-41b8-94be-934d439df7b4-1
00:10:04.621 --> 00:10:08.035
you have a textile floor
covering and if you have

3ed485c8-b40e-41b8-94be-934d439df7b4-2
00:10:08.035 --> 00:10:11.722
determined it is tufted, in
order to classify in this

3ed485c8-b40e-41b8-94be-934d439df7b4-3
00:10:11.722 --> 00:10:15.886
heading you will need to know
the fiber content of the pile,

3ed485c8-b40e-41b8-94be-934d439df7b4-4
00:10:15.886 --> 00:10:20.120
if the rug is either hand hooked
or turf, and the dimensions.

a2d6d8ff-2751-4db8-b133-114534af175a-0
00:10:20.640 --> 00:10:24.640
The duty rate ranges from 3.8 to
6.7%.

d2ea525d-1b13-4799-bbbc-faf27b5d4f38-0
00:10:24.720 --> 00:10:30.627
All subheadings under this
heading have a additional 25%

d2ea525d-1b13-4799-bbbc-faf27b5d4f38-1
00:10:30.627 --> 00:10:36.120
duty rate at this time from
China under section 3O1.

07625ae9-7b60-4173-b0eb-9341dd53530a-0
00:10:37.600 --> 00:10:41.121
Tuft of floor coverings account
for the majority of floor

07625ae9-7b60-4173-b0eb-9341dd53530a-1
00:10:41.121 --> 00:10:42.640
coverings made in the US.

b6910596-bfb4-4616-96f6-b78125326457-0
00:10:43.080 --> 00:10:48.720
Multiple sources state over 90%
of carpet produced is tufted.

63d08bf2-e6f3-40b6-a1d3-1b77c3d1f787-0
00:10:49.360 --> 00:10:53.542
It is less expensive and it's
faster to produce than other

63d08bf2-e6f3-40b6-a1d3-1b77c3d1f787-1
00:10:53.542 --> 00:10:56.520
pile structures such as knotted
or woven.

96751f01-9d25-4612-bdcb-a385761bf105-0
00:10:59.160 --> 00:11:01.080
Before getting into the
structure.

cb907ec6-a975-41f8-9870-6d1a4ea0ae83-0
00:11:01.080 --> 00:11:02.880
Just something to be aware of.

f29cc325-3d43-426b-b0cf-cf3ae1df8756-0
00:11:03.160 --> 00:11:08.774
USMCA rules have not been
updated to match the tariff

f29cc325-3d43-426b-b0cf-cf3ae1df8756-1
00:11:08.774 --> 00:11:14.076
revision that occurred in
January of 2022, so when

f29cc325-3d43-426b-b0cf-cf3ae1df8756-2
00:11:14.076 --> 00:11:20.730
considering USMCA eligibility,
you should replace references to

f29cc325-3d43-426b-b0cf-cf3ae1df8756-3
00:11:20.730 --> 00:11:26.240
goods of subheadings 57 O
320-357-0330 with goods of

f29cc325-3d43-426b-b0cf-cf3ae1df8756-4
00:11:26.240 --> 00:11:29.360
subheadings 57 O 321-357-0339.

0bb399e2-5d9a-4178-9f21-ef754137a403-0
00:11:30.600 --> 00:11:34.640
I put a chart on the slide to
show you the comparison.

4476ee7c-b611-471f-bd86-9e65442e50ff-0
00:11:34.840 --> 00:11:43.726
The ones that are in parentheses
are hand hooked provisions which

4476ee7c-b611-471f-bd86-9e65442e50ff-1
00:11:43.726 --> 00:11:51.940
aren't likely to be used for
that that provision or for that

4476ee7c-b611-471f-bd86-9e65442e50ff-2
00:11:51.940 --> 00:11:53.960
2024 provision.

c91b0fdd-c533-4093-bd6e-2e7dcecf4bd4-0
00:11:53.960 --> 00:11:56.280
So I wouldn't.

db8e8c44-c446-41ef-8e55-591d2806a7b8-0
00:11:58.520 --> 00:12:02.909
You're not likely going to see
it so, but I put it there

db8e8c44-c446-41ef-8e55-591d2806a7b8-1
00:12:02.909 --> 00:12:04.680
because it is possible.

6d509aca-ba41-460c-a19b-ffee8b253ec4-0
00:12:08.360 --> 00:12:13.114
So what sets a tufted material
apart from other constructions

6d509aca-ba41-460c-a19b-ffee8b253ec4-1
00:12:13.114 --> 00:12:17.484
is that it begins with a
pre-existing fabric referred to

6d509aca-ba41-460c-a19b-ffee8b253ec4-2
00:12:17.484 --> 00:12:22.392
as a primary backing into which
yarns are inserted with needles

6d509aca-ba41-460c-a19b-ffee8b253ec4-3
00:12:22.392 --> 00:12:26.840
from the back as the needle is
withdrawn from the fabric.

2af43831-ae52-48b9-9774-d770e3764b7e-0
00:12:29.520 --> 00:12:30.240
Excuse me?

5ee27848-3a8a-4c7a-93e7-4bcacc5a1f73-0
00:12:30.240 --> 00:12:34.840
A loop or a tuff is formed on
the face of the fabric.

780a127f-f5f5-495d-ac0a-ff87b1fe61e7-0
00:12:35.240 --> 00:12:38.680
The tuff may be cut as the
schematic shows.

911a26e2-1c94-4d0b-afe4-b42e1f16a537-0
00:12:39.160 --> 00:12:43.104
It may be left as uncut to
create a loop pile, or it may

911a26e2-1c94-4d0b-afe4-b42e1f16a537-1
00:12:43.104 --> 00:12:46.080
have a combination of looped and
cut pile.

964a2231-c0a0-46bd-8de7-736976a37065-0
00:12:46.320 --> 00:12:48.640
But there will always be pile.

517a5cab-9ba8-42a4-b76c-183fd7277b4e-0
00:12:48.640 --> 00:12:49.160
Always.

50dc18b4-9eec-4125-b365-ce42a24c1421-0
00:12:49.840 --> 00:12:54.960
Nowadays Tufts are mostly made
of polyester PET fiber, followed

50dc18b4-9eec-4125-b365-ce42a24c1421-1
00:12:54.960 --> 00:12:57.120
by nylon and polypropylene.

4daf3664-da69-4f94-a8ab-bff694431da0-0
00:12:58.160 --> 00:13:02.670
Primary backing fabrics are
typically of olefin fibers and

4daf3664-da69-4f94-a8ab-bff694431da0-1
00:13:02.670 --> 00:13:04.200
polypropylene strip.

094dbfb0-046e-4be0-b342-a1d44ac57c2a-0
00:13:05.120 --> 00:13:10.004
These backings are generally of
woven or non woven construction

094dbfb0-046e-4be0-b342-a1d44ac57c2a-1
00:13:10.004 --> 00:13:12.600
and are often very
insubstantial.

d562e540-9a60-4046-aa93-2a09156f1e8f-0
00:13:13.040 --> 00:13:17.026
So after the Tufts are inserted,
the back of the carpet is

d562e540-9a60-4046-aa93-2a09156f1e8f-1
00:13:17.026 --> 00:13:21.080
usually coated with an adhesive
to keep the Tufts in place.

1303baf5-69c8-4fe6-9af4-79b5f20578e2-0
00:13:22.080 --> 00:13:25.723
The adhesive is usually a
synthetic latex or some

1303baf5-69c8-4fe6-9af4-79b5f20578e2-1
00:13:25.723 --> 00:13:27.400
thermoplastic compound.

868f8f74-69a7-4c61-b3fc-80ad5efdbbca-0
00:13:27.400 --> 00:13:32.286
It may be filled with inorganic
materials such as calcium

868f8f74-69a7-4c61-b3fc-80ad5efdbbca-1
00:13:32.286 --> 00:13:36.920
carbonate or barium sulfate to
add bulk and stiffness.

7f38ebc4-0c74-4782-a898-955e382e4898-0
00:13:37.200 --> 00:13:41.450
Other types of construction are
not normally fixed with

7f38ebc4-0c74-4782-a898-955e382e4898-1
00:13:41.450 --> 00:13:46.080
adhesives and fillers and backed
woven pile and most knotted

7f38ebc4-0c74-4782-a898-955e382e4898-2
00:13:46.080 --> 00:13:49.800
carpets do not begin with a
pre-existing fabric.

8607d60a-b8fc-41d9-a06f-3daa0406d2af-0
00:13:50.280 --> 00:13:53.960
The pile is created as the
carpet is woven.

b9472ff0-9b22-465d-a9b6-a43c43220091-0
00:13:55.040 --> 00:13:58.931
A secondary backing may be
applied to provide a more

b9472ff0-9b22-465d-a9b6-a43c43220091-1
00:13:58.931 --> 00:14:00.400
finished appearance.

5d1b1f76-5c2b-404f-8525-b2d208e25b18-0
00:14:00.800 --> 00:14:05.807
Secondary backings are often of
Wolfen polypropylene or jute

5d1b1f76-5c2b-404f-8525-b2d208e25b18-1
00:14:05.807 --> 00:14:08.680
that adheres well to the
adhesive.

91636f36-5f55-46be-9131-274706fcdb63-0
00:14:09.280 --> 00:14:13.565
Polypropylene is useful for
bathroom rugs because it's

91636f36-5f55-46be-9131-274706fcdb63-1
00:14:13.565 --> 00:14:15.280
resistant to moisture.

80b5a64e-d989-45a9-a7f4-621610f2bc42-0
00:14:15.680 --> 00:14:19.051
Some floor coverings have a
layer of foam rubber or

80b5a64e-d989-45a9-a7f4-621610f2bc42-1
00:14:19.051 --> 00:14:22.551
polyurethane cushion so that
separate cushions aren't

80b5a64e-d989-45a9-a7f4-621610f2bc42-2
00:14:22.551 --> 00:14:23.200
necessary.

b0c114fd-5c64-4e57-88fb-7a01a13d8d88-0
00:14:23.200 --> 00:14:31.152
We see this often on bath rugs,
so here is a side by side of the

b0c114fd-5c64-4e57-88fb-7a01a13d8d88-1
00:14:31.152 --> 00:14:35.680
same schematic and an actual
sample.

3ab5ce06-0aea-4638-9ede-b8584c90f275-0
00:14:36.160 --> 00:14:42.124
This video starts from the back
of the rug, revealing not one,

3ab5ce06-0aea-4638-9ede-b8584c90f275-1
00:14:42.124 --> 00:14:44.680
but two secondary backings.

2b8a982c-29b0-4c3a-9658-810da7d4ae1d-0
00:14:45.160 --> 00:14:49.985
Next, you see the imprint marks
from the secondary backing on

2b8a982c-29b0-4c3a-9658-810da7d4ae1d-1
00:14:49.985 --> 00:14:52.320
the dried adhesive and filler.

4a898021-008f-4b15-a232-8ae7683f526b-0
00:14:52.960 --> 00:14:56.360
I then pull a tuft from the face
pile.

caba9974-59c6-4a71-bbf7-83ac1308e7a9-0
00:14:56.640 --> 00:15:01.543
Though you can't get a great
view of the primary backing, you

caba9974-59c6-4a71-bbf7-83ac1308e7a9-1
00:15:01.543 --> 00:15:06.208
can see the white yarns coming
out of the top and the side

caba9974-59c6-4a71-bbf7-83ac1308e7a9-2
00:15:06.208 --> 00:15:10.874
which make up the primary
backing and then turn the carpet

caba9974-59c6-4a71-bbf7-83ac1308e7a9-3
00:15:10.874 --> 00:15:13.880
over to reveal the tufted face
aisle.

7aeeecb1-dcdc-47da-ba6f-8bcf76325c0b-0
00:15:20.950 --> 00:15:25.999
Tufts can be inserted using a
hand tool, air powered gun or

7aeeecb1-dcdc-47da-ba6f-8bcf76325c0b-1
00:15:25.999 --> 00:15:27.430
larger machinery.

a7fd20c5-ab2e-4d4d-9bb1-d2a965ac4b61-0
00:15:27.510 --> 00:15:32.052
The first block shows two types
of tufting tools, a punch needle

a7fd20c5-ab2e-4d4d-9bb1-d2a965ac4b61-1
00:15:32.052 --> 00:15:33.870
and a manual tufting tool.

13a2b8f7-6c00-40df-b1cd-ddfc73534458-0
00:15:34.640 --> 00:15:42.141
Only completely manual tools may
be used to create hand hooked

13a2b8f7-6c00-40df-b1cd-ddfc73534458-1
00:15:42.141 --> 00:15:48.928
floor coverings under 57 O3 Ten
2057 O 329-1000 and 57 O

13a2b8f7-6c00-40df-b1cd-ddfc73534458-2
00:15:48.928 --> 00:15:49.999
339-1000.

f8efd67a-8601-4e82-a75b-f95054deabf0-0
00:15:50.640 --> 00:15:55.556
CBP has held that although held
in the hand, an air powered

f8efd67a-8601-4e82-a75b-f95054deabf0-1
00:15:55.556 --> 00:16:00.800
tufting tool in the second block
is not considered a hand tool.

b5a5830e-dc24-4f40-9a4d-44a8e247820d-0
00:16:01.120 --> 00:16:06.154
That provides eligibility for a
hand hooked provision and

b5a5830e-dc24-4f40-9a4d-44a8e247820d-1
00:16:06.154 --> 00:16:09.800
tufting machines like you see in
Block 3.

6ee9c693-0f07-430e-974c-25b6b22e44c8-0
00:16:09.960 --> 00:16:14.354
Needles are aligned crosswise on
the machine and the number of

6ee9c693-0f07-430e-974c-25b6b22e44c8-1
00:16:14.354 --> 00:16:18.680
needles depends on the desired
width and gauge of the carpet.

0da28de2-06a3-4e33-9602-c81defcef65e-0
00:16:19.400 --> 00:16:23.545
Tufting machines can produce
more than 1000 square yards per

0da28de2-06a3-4e33-9602-c81defcef65e-1
00:16:23.545 --> 00:16:27.080
day of cut pile and about twice
that for loop pile.

eeca56ea-a4ba-4620-863e-e81c6fba5dfb-0
00:16:28.080 --> 00:16:32.625
Whether a floor covering is
machine tufted or hand tufted,

eeca56ea-a4ba-4620-863e-e81c6fba5dfb-1
00:16:32.625 --> 00:16:37.634
the principal components are the
same and that you have the pile

eeca56ea-a4ba-4620-863e-e81c6fba5dfb-2
00:16:37.634 --> 00:16:42.026
or face yarns, the primary
backing, a layer of adhesives

eeca56ea-a4ba-4620-863e-e81c6fba5dfb-3
00:16:42.026 --> 00:16:44.800
and usually that secondary
backing.

dba1a50f-91cb-4b3a-b8b7-9edfbbb0439b-0
00:16:46.440 --> 00:16:50.575
Some of the attributes of tufted
floor coverings, they again are

dba1a50f-91cb-4b3a-b8b7-9edfbbb0439b-1
00:16:50.575 --> 00:16:53.120
always going to be a pile
construction.

0d34236c-ad64-4ef1-8529-afaf393d8908-0
00:16:53.120 --> 00:16:59.409
They may be of loop pile, cut
pile, or both, but always pile

0d34236c-ad64-4ef1-8529-afaf393d8908-1
00:16:59.409 --> 00:17:02.400
with tufted rugs and carpets.

a54eafd5-ff3e-4ad3-a2b5-26f49c893af3-0
00:17:02.600 --> 00:17:06.024
If you can get through the
secondary backing and the

a54eafd5-ff3e-4ad3-a2b5-26f49c893af3-1
00:17:06.024 --> 00:17:10.160
adhesive, you can pull the pile
yarns from the primary backing.

761a653a-1317-4537-a172-9c3cfd79e68b-0
00:17:10.640 --> 00:17:15.401
If able to pull out, the cut
pile will be shaped like AV or

761a653a-1317-4537-a172-9c3cfd79e68b-1
00:17:15.401 --> 00:17:15.640
AU.

c381595f-0276-487a-a713-addad007e4f1-0
00:17:15.640 --> 00:17:19.680
In the loop pile, a series of
double use.

e9a44bb6-68e8-4b44-bd29-5ecab5830f76-0
00:17:24.600 --> 00:17:29.933
One telltale sign that a rug or
carpet is tufted is if you can

e9a44bb6-68e8-4b44-bd29-5ecab5830f76-1
00:17:29.933 --> 00:17:31.880
find a split base yarn.

767d9cd9-d3f4-4bce-a0c1-6b95929a1d0f-0
00:17:33.160 --> 00:17:37.189
It can be challenging to
separate the pile enough to get

767d9cd9-d3f4-4bce-a0c1-6b95929a1d0f-1
00:17:37.189 --> 00:17:41.360
a good view to examine the
primary backing from the front.

d6968c35-93e0-42ac-85f2-e7a2a383e357-0
00:17:41.360 --> 00:17:46.337
However, under magnification
using a standard pick glass, you

d6968c35-93e0-42ac-85f2-e7a2a383e357-1
00:17:46.337 --> 00:17:50.753
can see in this example the
split strip in the primary

d6968c35-93e0-42ac-85f2-e7a2a383e357-2
00:17:50.753 --> 00:17:52.519
backing pretty easily.

b7844b62-6104-4c20-90ae-fce68ffccdc0-0
00:17:52.960 --> 00:17:59.076
This won't happen with other
constructions such as woven and

b7844b62-6104-4c20-90ae-fce68ffccdc0-1
00:17:59.076 --> 00:18:00.480
knotted tufta.

acba031b-d545-47bc-98a9-0019595d301d-0
00:18:00.480 --> 00:18:04.720
Floor coverings are generally
fixed with adhesives and backed.

c861fd1d-4da4-4c97-9713-652eb50820f8-0
00:18:05.280 --> 00:18:08.201
Other types of construction are
not normally fixed with

c861fd1d-4da4-4c97-9713-652eb50820f8-1
00:18:08.201 --> 00:18:10.080
adhesives and back, so they can
be.

b0f80ffe-528f-4a02-a428-c7db92b11797-0
00:18:10.320 --> 00:18:14.498
The adhesive and the backing
together can make it very

b0f80ffe-528f-4a02-a428-c7db92b11797-1
00:18:14.498 --> 00:18:19.209
difficult to deconstruct these
rugs, the adhesive and filler,

b0f80ffe-528f-4a02-a428-c7db92b11797-2
00:18:19.209 --> 00:18:23.159
and particular challenges to the
recycling process.

c17d895b-e8cb-493b-a0ec-880e33c1627c-0
00:18:29.880 --> 00:18:35.145
Hand tufted rugs generally use a
random pattern rather than

c17d895b-e8cb-493b-a0ec-880e33c1627c-1
00:18:35.145 --> 00:18:38.480
straight lines to fill in each
color.

1d979c7f-f05b-43ca-b817-6b35dda677d9-0
00:18:38.640 --> 00:18:43.088
In this picture, Tufts are going
in a diagonal direction on the

1d979c7f-f05b-43ca-b817-6b35dda677d9-1
00:18:43.088 --> 00:18:44.200
right hand side.

1500c834-7a8c-41e3-a6db-3994adf1e471-0
00:18:46.720 --> 00:18:51.447
They are curved in sections of
green, purple, and black, and

1500c834-7a8c-41e3-a6db-3994adf1e471-1
00:18:51.447 --> 00:18:56.175
you can see the primary backing
is void of stitches in other

1500c834-7a8c-41e3-a6db-3994adf1e471-2
00:18:56.175 --> 00:18:56.640
areas.

aa11a887-e1d6-4695-a3af-961daae55f97-0
00:18:56.880 --> 00:19:00.353
Not where you see the holes,
that's where I've pulled the

aa11a887-e1d6-4695-a3af-961daae55f97-1
00:19:00.353 --> 00:19:04.067
tuft out, but at the bottom of
the purple section and even at

aa11a887-e1d6-4695-a3af-961daae55f97-2
00:19:04.067 --> 00:19:07.421
the top of the green section
under the hole is what I'm

aa11a887-e1d6-4695-a3af-961daae55f97-3
00:19:07.421 --> 00:19:08.200
referring to.

441e3388-3b6a-46fd-9532-ae73d4073fe9-0
00:19:09.480 --> 00:19:14.062
This same sort of random pattern
could be accomplished with a

441e3388-3b6a-46fd-9532-ae73d4073fe9-1
00:19:14.062 --> 00:19:18.423
tufting gun though as well, so
it isn't a foolproof way of

441e3388-3b6a-46fd-9532-ae73d4073fe9-2
00:19:18.423 --> 00:19:23.080
identifying those rugs eligible
for the hand tufted provision.

680817dd-8de8-4449-b9aa-fdce4584e391-0
00:19:28.000 --> 00:19:29.640
We've seen a lot of these rugs.

adc59295-8cce-4974-94df-ca27cf1c196a-0
00:19:29.640 --> 00:19:33.040
I inherited a number of samples
of these from my predecessor.

7a353f7b-ccac-4c51-9d0a-5b8a5e7952ba-0
00:19:33.720 --> 00:19:39.020
It is a pile chenille rug, but
the pile is tufted into a

7a353f7b-ccac-4c51-9d0a-5b8a5e7952ba-1
00:19:39.020 --> 00:19:40.880
pre-existing fabric.

5c5305cd-02c7-44e2-82aa-de1190e02e96-0
00:19:41.280 --> 00:19:45.945
It is a good example to see the
primary backing fabric because

5c5305cd-02c7-44e2-82aa-de1190e02e96-1
00:19:45.945 --> 00:19:50.167
these sometimes aren't always
backed with that secondary

5c5305cd-02c7-44e2-82aa-de1190e02e96-2
00:19:50.167 --> 00:19:50.760
backing.

28f71c8e-a8a2-4db0-a4e4-aa515ba46dd7-0
00:19:51.000 --> 00:19:54.760
Here you can see the back of the
fabric and the front.

40455673-0d7f-4485-ab9d-e8320aaa2bbb-0
00:20:02.000 --> 00:20:02.720
Excuse me?

99eece84-0299-4120-9763-a40e53d37865-0
00:20:04.320 --> 00:20:09.395
The explanatory notes to Heading
57 O3 states the heading covers

99eece84-0299-4120-9763-a40e53d37865-1
00:20:09.395 --> 00:20:14.392
tufted textile floor coverings
that imitate grass or artificial

99eece84-0299-4120-9763-a40e53d37865-2
00:20:14.392 --> 00:20:17.360
turf, whatever the color they
may be.

d9724569-1d7a-496c-8343-ab66443e4e7d-0
00:20:18.280 --> 00:20:22.669
The turf under this heading can
be used either indoors or

d9724569-1d7a-496c-8343-ab66443e4e7d-1
00:20:22.669 --> 00:20:27.286
outdoors for sports, playing
surfaces, or other applications

d9724569-1d7a-496c-8343-ab66443e4e7d-2
00:20:27.286 --> 00:20:28.800
such as landscaping.

077e85b4-ca1e-45f5-8a19-3d95c9fc1c1e-0
00:20:29.440 --> 00:20:34.557
This heading does not cover turf
made of plastics of 39, nor does

077e85b4-ca1e-45f5-8a19-3d95c9fc1c1e-1
00:20:34.557 --> 00:20:38.280
it cover turf made from a
knitted construction.

f56e1ea9-dffa-4591-9923-28f943209561-0
00:20:38.880 --> 00:20:43.760
While it is true most artificial
turf is tufted, not all are.

ae462322-23ed-4a0f-b927-3d65acb5a00a-0
00:20:44.360 --> 00:20:49.867
Whether it's classified here or
in Chapter 39 will depend on the

ae462322-23ed-4a0f-b927-3d65acb5a00a-1
00:20:49.867 --> 00:20:55.205
materials and the width of the
monofilament or strip used, and

ae462322-23ed-4a0f-b927-3d65acb5a00a-2
00:20:55.205 --> 00:21:00.542
we have issued a few rulings for
turf that is knitted and it's

ae462322-23ed-4a0f-b927-3d65acb5a00a-3
00:21:00.542 --> 00:21:03.000
classified in Chapter 57 O 5.

a16631a0-4619-4a17-b45a-93ba75b1edef-0
00:21:05.880 --> 00:21:10.186
While the issue of whether the
surface area is of textile or

a16631a0-4619-4a17-b45a-93ba75b1edef-1
00:21:10.186 --> 00:21:14.775
not is an issue for all products
when considering classification

a16631a0-4619-4a17-b45a-93ba75b1edef-2
00:21:14.775 --> 00:21:19.223
of Chapter 57, it's particularly
an issue with turf because of

a16631a0-4619-4a17-b45a-93ba75b1edef-3
00:21:19.223 --> 00:21:21.200
the materials commonly used.

7b3265b2-71de-4b24-a59c-fde42b35fa35-0
00:21:21.600 --> 00:21:26.977
The pile of turf is typically
constructed of monofilament and

7b3265b2-71de-4b24-a59c-fde42b35fa35-1
00:21:26.977 --> 00:21:29.320
or strip of heading 54 O 4.

9d81d3d0-b6ad-454e-900b-6f0ef25f8943-0
00:21:29.640 --> 00:21:34.122
Strip may be produced by
extrusion or cut from wider

9d81d3d0-b6ad-454e-900b-6f0ef25f8943-1
00:21:34.122 --> 00:21:35.560
strips or sheets.

52ab8474-98b3-4490-92c0-7315ea03f46c-0
00:21:37.080 --> 00:21:41.744
A monofilament can be of any
cross-sectional configuration,

52ab8474-98b3-4490-92c0-7315ea03f46c-1
00:21:41.744 --> 00:21:46.098
but it cannot exceed 1mm in
width to be classified as a

52ab8474-98b3-4490-92c0-7315ea03f46c-2
00:21:46.098 --> 00:21:46.720
textile.

ffa732c6-d188-471e-a809-86afe0dcb553-0
00:21:46.840 --> 00:21:51.675
On the other hand, in order to
be classified as a textile,

ffa732c6-d188-471e-a809-86afe0dcb553-1
00:21:51.675 --> 00:21:56.920
strip must be flat and it cannot
exceed 5mm and apparent width.

f261448b-3542-47a8-a0d6-09e2a668c4f2-0
00:21:57.760 --> 00:22:02.247
A millimeter is quite small so
it doesn't take much to go over

f261448b-3542-47a8-a0d6-09e2a668c4f2-1
00:22:02.247 --> 00:22:02.960
the limit.

9e77ea5a-a558-40c4-916e-a7fd849717dd-0
00:22:03.960 --> 00:22:08.285
This particular example I think
could technically be considered

9e77ea5a-a558-40c4-916e-a7fd849717dd-1
00:22:08.285 --> 00:22:12.475
either a monofilament or a strip
as it measures under 1mm and

9e77ea5a-a558-40c4-916e-a7fd849717dd-2
00:22:12.475 --> 00:22:16.867
although the cross section looks
a little WAVY, it is the result

9e77ea5a-a558-40c4-916e-a7fd849717dd-3
00:22:16.867 --> 00:22:18.760
of cutting it from the turf.

3e1d05c9-c624-44d8-af4a-ff29448606ed-0
00:22:18.800 --> 00:22:24.000
It is flat, so as long as it
doesn't exceed 5mm in width,

3e1d05c9-c624-44d8-af4a-ff29448606ed-1
00:22:24.000 --> 00:22:26.600
it's classified as a textile.

6cf81a85-f9a0-4ac7-aeb4-e8cac06db840-0
00:22:27.000 --> 00:22:31.428
However, even if the cross
section was not flat, this

6cf81a85-f9a0-4ac7-aeb4-e8cac06db840-1
00:22:31.428 --> 00:22:36.431
particular material would be
considered a textile because it

6cf81a85-f9a0-4ac7-aeb4-e8cac06db840-2
00:22:36.431 --> 00:22:38.400
is 1mm or less in width.

e1e99988-970f-4fa8-ad37-4add64c6670f-0
00:22:39.160 --> 00:22:44.458
Artificial turf made from this
material tufted into a base

e1e99988-970f-4fa8-ad37-4add64c6670f-1
00:22:44.458 --> 00:22:48.320
fabric is classified under
heading 57 O 3.

6de49d16-e194-494a-bd58-b5daebb56486-0
00:22:50.560 --> 00:22:54.321
However, in this example the
material is clearly a

6de49d16-e194-494a-bd58-b5daebb56486-1
00:22:54.321 --> 00:22:55.280
monofilament.

ee179c2b-008d-494c-b017-3a683a16972e-0
00:22:55.280 --> 00:22:59.623
It is not flat, as you can see
in the photo taken of the cross

ee179c2b-008d-494c-b017-3a683a16972e-1
00:22:59.623 --> 00:23:03.967
section in the upper left, but
it measures slightly wider than

ee179c2b-008d-494c-b017-3a683a16972e-2
00:23:03.967 --> 00:23:07.760
1mm, so it is not considered to
be a textile material.

263f0c88-c934-473a-a39a-9831c74ba346-0
00:23:07.760 --> 00:23:10.640
Per section 11, note 1G.

4cc75987-285d-434c-a093-76571b728f63-0
00:23:13.520 --> 00:23:17.800
This turf is made from a pile of
fibrillated strip.

e2becea1-2b95-4ab6-bf62-352f3f03f5c6-0
00:23:18.560 --> 00:23:22.560
The strip is split
longitudinally, creating small

e2becea1-2b95-4ab6-bf62-352f3f03f5c6-1
00:23:22.560 --> 00:23:26.800
slits that run along the
lengthwise direction of the

e2becea1-2b95-4ab6-bf62-352f3f03f5c6-2
00:23:26.800 --> 00:23:30.560
strip, and is a common pile
material for turf.

ea8e36e3-a375-4c09-9ef6-1d4d5a75dbab-0
00:23:31.120 --> 00:23:34.120
This strip is often folded or
twisted.

cc6e161b-8efc-491c-8351-bb5421c213f7-0
00:23:34.720 --> 00:23:38.683
If it is, you would take the
measurement in the folded or

cc6e161b-8efc-491c-8351-bb5421c213f7-1
00:23:38.683 --> 00:23:39.640
twisted state.

384a6958-a643-4229-bf41-0595a6d675a9-0
00:23:40.000 --> 00:23:45.280
This fibrillated strip measures
5mm and would be classified in

384a6958-a643-4229-bf41-0595a6d675a9-1
00:23:45.280 --> 00:23:48.800
section 11 under heading 54 O 4
as strip.

b9877acb-0a7f-4fad-96ed-de2cd1119863-0
00:23:49.200 --> 00:23:53.982
Therefore, the imitation turf
constructed with it would be

b9877acb-0a7f-4fad-96ed-de2cd1119863-1
00:23:53.982 --> 00:23:55.360
under chapter 57.

8f8776cb-1e2e-46ec-a86f-7ad1ac32eed2-0
00:23:57.520 --> 00:24:03.000
This fibrillated strip has an
apparent width of greater than

8f8776cb-1e2e-46ec-a86f-7ad1ac32eed2-1
00:24:03.000 --> 00:24:03.360
5mm.

d955d1d7-35ee-4129-a6e4-95359dcb35de-0
00:24:04.280 --> 00:24:10.860
I did change my measurement tool
but you can see it it was a

d955d1d7-35ee-4129-a6e4-95359dcb35de-1
00:24:10.860 --> 00:24:11.400
.5mm.

d5338300-94ae-4b86-ba6d-a331554e1dac-0
00:24:12.200 --> 00:24:18.188
So the the two long lines would
make up 5mm and therefore it's

d5338300-94ae-4b86-ba6d-a331554e1dac-1
00:24:18.188 --> 00:24:21.040
considered a plastic material.

45afa423-f38c-4907-82d1-e77a271c2da9-0
00:24:21.200 --> 00:24:26.785
And this case, the turf would be
classified in Chapter 39 under

45afa423-f38c-4907-82d1-e77a271c2da9-1
00:24:26.785 --> 00:24:27.920
heading 3926.

640ff324-2202-4cd6-a227-682dd307bb0e-0
00:24:29.640 --> 00:24:34.342
We occasionally see turf systems
when artificial turf is glued

640ff324-2202-4cd6-a227-682dd307bb0e-1
00:24:34.342 --> 00:24:39.269
into a molded rigid plastic base
which interlocks with other turf

640ff324-2202-4cd6-a227-682dd307bb0e-2
00:24:39.269 --> 00:24:40.240
square bases.

5f0ba077-47c6-4018-af96-950207bce1cc-0
00:24:40.600 --> 00:24:45.377
While it may be classified as a
textile based on the pile, it is

5f0ba077-47c6-4018-af96-950207bce1cc-1
00:24:45.377 --> 00:24:49.492
not considered to have the
character of a textile floor

5f0ba077-47c6-4018-af96-950207bce1cc-2
00:24:49.492 --> 00:24:52.800
covering and is classified under
subheading.

59bd3aa2-b3ec-4bc6-ba66-c66d87076efc-0
00:24:53.160 --> 00:25:03.924
63 O 7909891 OK Heading 57 O 4
Felt felt is a dense non woven

59bd3aa2-b3ec-4bc6-ba66-c66d87076efc-1
00:25:03.924 --> 00:25:09.480
fabric without any warp or waft.

8d7042f1-977a-4c3e-9f00-dfbd082e72df-0
00:25:09.560 --> 00:25:14.414
The structure of heading 57 O 4
covering felt floor coverings is

8d7042f1-977a-4c3e-9f00-dfbd082e72df-1
00:25:14.414 --> 00:25:18.896
very simple and that once you
identify the article as felt,

8d7042f1-977a-4c3e-9f00-dfbd082e72df-2
00:25:18.896 --> 00:25:23.825
the only information you need to
know is the fiber content and if

8d7042f1-977a-4c3e-9f00-dfbd082e72df-3
00:25:23.825 --> 00:25:26.440
the importation consists of
tiles.

43447e00-5da5-4375-a18f-d78f188b57cd-0
00:25:26.800 --> 00:25:30.400
If tiles, you also need to know
the dimensions of each tile.

a5387934-07dd-4b6a-a819-25030a18d974-0
00:25:31.240 --> 00:25:37.980
Duty rates range from 3 to 4.7%,
with only the small tiles having

a5387934-07dd-4b6a-a819-25030a18d974-1
00:25:37.980 --> 00:25:40.840
a regular duty rate of 4.7%.

975ef45f-1854-4264-bc19-e6867767488c-0
00:25:40.920 --> 00:25:45.952
However, all of the subheadings
in this heading are also subject

975ef45f-1854-4264-bc19-e6867767488c-1
00:25:45.952 --> 00:25:50.520
to the additional 25% duty from
China under section three.

6ae50d9b-9c0d-4894-8e50-b98610cd2d6b-0
00:25:50.520 --> 00:25:51.080
O 1.

09bbbb53-4403-423c-8ecd-2f2956e53471-0
00:25:53.600 --> 00:25:56.480
Felt is believed to be the
world's oldest fabric.

906074f9-3897-4e19-bbeb-c27716e5a02a-0
00:25:56.600 --> 00:26:01.468
The earliest archaeological
evidence of felt dates back to

906074f9-3897-4e19-bbeb-c27716e5a02a-1
00:26:01.468 --> 00:26:06.419
6500 BC, making this fabric
older than any knitted or woven

906074f9-3897-4e19-bbeb-c27716e5a02a-2
00:26:06.419 --> 00:26:07.080
textile.

d433b832-aece-4c67-8b9b-4c31af50b6e5-0
00:26:07.400 --> 00:26:11.872
Generally, felt floor coverings
are made by one of two

d433b832-aece-4c67-8b9b-4c31af50b6e5-1
00:26:11.872 --> 00:26:16.750
processes, each involving the
felting together of layers of

d433b832-aece-4c67-8b9b-4c31af50b6e5-2
00:26:16.750 --> 00:26:17.319
fibers.

2e41aaf3-de13-43c9-b1d1-7fde91d93486-0
00:26:17.920 --> 00:26:23.381
This traditional process has
been used for millennia and

2e41aaf3-de13-43c9-b1d1-7fde91d93486-1
00:26:23.381 --> 00:26:26.640
known as pressed or Welt
felting.

fac6db6f-928d-4473-be79-3dce10a7f169-0
00:26:26.880 --> 00:26:31.320
The method can only be done with
wool or fine animal hair.

5056c463-828b-4e70-b486-a611f8ee299d-0
00:26:31.360 --> 00:26:35.360
Plant and man made fibers will
not Welt felt.

ed9297a4-3223-4dc4-a7a9-46a3ff447584-0
00:26:35.920 --> 00:26:40.892
Wool felt is a sustainable and
eco friendly material because

ed9297a4-3223-4dc4-a7a9-46a3ff447584-1
00:26:40.892 --> 00:26:45.538
felt is made of natural
materials and can be recycled or

ed9297a4-3223-4dc4-a7a9-46a3ff447584-2
00:26:45.538 --> 00:26:48.880
composted at the end of its
useful life.

a41760a8-035c-4edc-af8d-0acd39160d1c-0
00:26:51.040 --> 00:26:55.363
This is a nice series of photos
documented documenting some of

a41760a8-035c-4edc-af8d-0acd39160d1c-1
00:26:55.363 --> 00:26:59.000
the key steps in the wet or
pressed felting process.

d20249a5-4576-4a2d-9122-75f39a529440-0
00:26:59.280 --> 00:27:03.160
The process begins by lashing
the wool and then carting.

e6edbb40-b23f-40ec-8b42-b12d5c8c5215-0
00:27:03.560 --> 00:27:08.253
The rug maker then superimposes
a number of layers of wool, one

e6edbb40-b23f-40ec-8b42-b12d5c8c5215-1
00:27:08.253 --> 00:27:11.920
on top of the other, facing
different directions.

7f2a8232-6317-4523-a62d-bcdbf8651985-0
00:27:12.600 --> 00:27:17.503
Additional layers of dyed fiber
are then added to the surface to

7f2a8232-6317-4523-a62d-bcdbf8651985-1
00:27:17.503 --> 00:27:18.560
form a design.

21bdeae8-561c-4f94-8e00-4044c8cd0bea-0
00:27:19.080 --> 00:27:23.640
All of these layers are then
moistened, generally with steam

21bdeae8-561c-4f94-8e00-4044c8cd0bea-1
00:27:23.640 --> 00:27:27.826
or hot soapy water, and
subjected to heavy pressure and

21bdeae8-561c-4f94-8e00-4044c8cd0bea-2
00:27:27.826 --> 00:27:29.920
a rubbing or beating action.

46ff41d8-a88c-4d3a-ba9b-5b7b8ebe6e1c-0
00:27:30.440 --> 00:27:35.211
This process can be done by
rolling a tool on the surface of

46ff41d8-a88c-4d3a-ba9b-5b7b8ebe6e1c-1
00:27:35.211 --> 00:27:40.216
the wool or by rolling the laid
out fibers up in a mat and then

46ff41d8-a88c-4d3a-ba9b-5b7b8ebe6e1c-2
00:27:40.216 --> 00:27:44.362
covering with a fabric and
tightening it by tying it

46ff41d8-a88c-4d3a-ba9b-5b7b8ebe6e1c-3
00:27:44.362 --> 00:27:47.959
together, as you see here in the
bottom left.

0bb1af6c-9280-4ce9-b7e4-293490828c24-0
00:27:48.840 --> 00:27:53.606
In Central Asia, it's common to
conduct the rolling friction

0bb1af6c-9280-4ce9-b7e4-293490828c24-1
00:27:53.606 --> 00:27:58.764
process with the aid of a horse,
donkey or camel, which will pull

0bb1af6c-9280-4ce9-b7e4-293490828c24-2
00:27:58.764 --> 00:28:03.296
the the roll until the process
is complete, creating that

0bb1af6c-9280-4ce9-b7e4-293490828c24-3
00:28:03.296 --> 00:28:04.000
friction.

a6d6eee6-b728-4744-a8ca-60204ebede0e-0
00:28:04.360 --> 00:28:09.183
Another technique is to have the
group of people in a line

a6d6eee6-b728-4744-a8ca-60204ebede0e-1
00:28:09.183 --> 00:28:13.680
rolling and kicking the rolled
fibers with their feet.

1af8966a-36e5-4869-97ce-291cae8c2871-0
00:28:13.720 --> 00:28:19.280
As you see here in that bottom
left hand picture, individual

1af8966a-36e5-4869-97ce-291cae8c2871-1
00:28:19.280 --> 00:28:23.200
wool fibers are covered with
small scales.

f20570b4-8bea-43da-bea7-a1d5d2790c2e-0
00:28:23.200 --> 00:28:27.984
When water and pressure from
rubbing are applied, the scales

f20570b4-8bea-43da-bea7-a1d5d2790c2e-1
00:28:27.984 --> 00:28:31.200
open up and the fibers tangled
together.

572bd0c3-8bac-4dbd-acda-df426e6a1fe0-0
00:28:31.560 --> 00:28:35.861
The rubbing and feeding action
causes the wool fibers to

572bd0c3-8bac-4dbd-acda-df426e6a1fe0-1
00:28:35.861 --> 00:28:39.560
interlock and produces sheets of
even thickness.

269f737b-5e6c-4daa-8fe3-d7da88ba2ce8-0
00:28:40.080 --> 00:28:44.000
When the belt dries, the fiber
stays tangled.

9a8822f4-9d5a-4755-8938-4397097e172f-0
00:28:44.480 --> 00:28:48.454
Because plant and man made
fibers don't have those scales,

9a8822f4-9d5a-4755-8938-4397097e172f-1
00:28:48.454 --> 00:28:50.880
this process does not work on
them.

f2d1eef6-4755-4600-a7a6-01213e6d5254-0
00:28:51.560 --> 00:28:56.040
This process is still used
today, particularly in central

f2d1eef6-4755-4600-a7a6-01213e6d5254-1
00:28:56.040 --> 00:28:58.280
and cultures of Central Asia.

779b7b9d-799c-41fd-95ca-88d4e9a42458-0
00:28:58.840 --> 00:29:02.825
I did find an Iranian felted rug
for sale on the Internet, so

779b7b9d-799c-41fd-95ca-88d4e9a42458-1
00:29:02.825 --> 00:29:04.240
it's worth mentioning.

4a9bda89-5036-403e-9b99-4096366f49b6-0
00:29:04.240 --> 00:29:09.575
Just as a reminder, the US does
currently have an embargo on

4a9bda89-5036-403e-9b99-4096366f49b6-1
00:29:09.575 --> 00:29:10.800
Iranian goods.

101298d6-2b88-43e9-8bb5-221e28c95319-0
00:29:13.640 --> 00:29:18.879
Adding layers of colored fibers
to the top as we just saw on the

101298d6-2b88-43e9-8bb5-221e28c95319-1
00:29:18.879 --> 00:29:23.473
previous slide creates a
somewhat blurred design between

101298d6-2b88-43e9-8bb5-221e28c95319-2
00:29:23.473 --> 00:29:24.359
the colors.

4a566f9c-871d-4c36-93fd-ee14fb29c24f-0
00:29:25.040 --> 00:29:29.760
But the Sure Jack rugs are felt
rugs with very crisp edges

4a566f9c-871d-4c36-93fd-ee14fb29c24f-1
00:29:29.760 --> 00:29:30.960
between colors.

50bf2737-4205-4c62-a23b-808ffa952b9a-0
00:29:31.320 --> 00:29:35.560
They are cut and assembled using
pre felted wool.

96378a3f-4d77-4750-a577-217340732b39-0
00:29:35.920 --> 00:29:39.901
The patterns are generally
traditional patterns passed from

96378a3f-4d77-4750-a577-217340732b39-1
00:29:39.901 --> 00:29:41.560
generation to generation.

e0783191-8525-44f9-9e5b-288247d18c33-0
00:29:41.880 --> 00:29:50.720
Numbda rugs made in South Asia
and Kier Kyrgis.

fd4f8acc-74db-4937-bf4c-1bae7607082e-0
00:29:51.200 --> 00:29:52.560
Yeah, Kyrgis rugs.

fe4e9493-9ddc-4f04-8351-d42fe1ee45b5-0
00:29:52.720 --> 00:29:55.160
I had to say the whole word in
my head.

e230ce11-f625-4181-9a2b-4081d0ee7d05-0
00:29:56.280 --> 00:30:01.118
Kyrgis rugs are both well
recognized embroidered felt

e230ce11-f625-4181-9a2b-4081d0ee7d05-1
00:30:01.118 --> 00:30:06.404
rugs, and in 2012 the Kyrgis
felt carpet and the Sure Deck

e230ce11-f625-4181-9a2b-4081d0ee7d05-2
00:30:06.404 --> 00:30:11.870
were added to the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and

e230ce11-f625-4181-9a2b-4081d0ee7d05-3
00:30:11.870 --> 00:30:17.425
Cultural Organization List of
Intangible Cultural Heritage of

e230ce11-f625-4181-9a2b-4081d0ee7d05-4
00:30:17.425 --> 00:30:20.920
Humanity in Need of Urgent
Protection.

782564e7-690e-42f4-9d70-9e0a90735ebd-0
00:30:24.720 --> 00:30:28.917
The more modern process of
creating felt is done by

782564e7-690e-42f4-9d70-9e0a90735ebd-1
00:30:28.917 --> 00:30:33.599
mechanically entangling fibers
on a needle loom, and this

782564e7-690e-42f4-9d70-9e0a90735ebd-2
00:30:33.599 --> 00:30:38.120
process felt is created by
punching with notch needles.

84a01e57-998b-49fe-865f-f824d76d964d-0
00:30:38.480 --> 00:30:43.336
Layered webs of textile staple
fibers, with or without a

84a01e57-998b-49fe-865f-f824d76d964d-1
00:30:43.336 --> 00:30:45.040
textile fabric base.

fa7c19f1-d496-403b-b9f2-9f596f753e2c-0
00:30:45.680 --> 00:30:51.138
If needling such textile fibers
through a base of textile fabric

fa7c19f1-d496-403b-b9f2-9f596f753e2c-1
00:30:51.138 --> 00:30:56.092
or other material, the base is
pretty much hidden from the

fa7c19f1-d496-403b-b9f2-9f596f753e2c-2
00:30:56.092 --> 00:30:56.680
fibers.

f04548ce-13e5-4a2e-9cf5-a651f15b0842-0
00:30:57.120 --> 00:31:02.038
The needles catch the fibers and
tangle them together to produce

f04548ce-13e5-4a2e-9cf5-a651f15b0842-1
00:31:02.038 --> 00:31:02.720
the felt.

37345044-d81a-4000-a1ac-366780184874-0
00:31:02.760 --> 00:31:04.520
Needling thick webs.

40bf8421-5f83-4b4b-9060-3e4c93a0f191-0
00:31:04.920 --> 00:31:09.304
A fiber is a quick method of
forming felt floor coverings and

40bf8421-5f83-4b4b-9060-3e4c93a0f191-1
00:31:09.304 --> 00:31:12.840
is not reliant on the felting
properties of wool.

82fecf23-d77b-4c90-bdca-514b95e08dd1-0
00:31:13.520 --> 00:31:18.189
The needle loom technique can be
done both with both non felting

82fecf23-d77b-4c90-bdca-514b95e08dd1-1
00:31:18.189 --> 00:31:20.920
vegetable fibers and man made
fibers.

5d5ec2f4-83a5-463e-868b-90f1b170355c-0
00:31:21.360 --> 00:31:26.526
Another benefit to this method
is the ability to create surface

5d5ec2f4-83a5-463e-868b-90f1b170355c-1
00:31:26.526 --> 00:31:30.644
effects such as ribs and
textures for strength and

5d5ec2f4-83a5-463e-868b-90f1b170355c-2
00:31:30.644 --> 00:31:35.811
stability, and adhesive coated
scrim may be added and placed in

5d5ec2f4-83a5-463e-868b-90f1b170355c-3
00:31:35.811 --> 00:31:38.960
the middle or behind the fiber
layers.

be71d1d9-7fc4-4656-ba0f-a0d1ce5adf99-0
00:31:40.160 --> 00:31:44.351
Needle punch carpets are often
referred to as indoor outdoor

be71d1d9-7fc4-4656-ba0f-a0d1ce5adf99-1
00:31:44.351 --> 00:31:48.200
carpets and are often used on
patios or as golf greens.

0a61d29a-b2d9-499d-a6d1-2537c9579431-0
00:31:48.840 --> 00:31:52.840
They may be used for automobile
carpeting and door mats.

463cf100-8b59-4040-bdc9-b8d6a06aab8b-0
00:31:52.880 --> 00:31:57.254
Needled webs of staple fibers in
which the needling is

463cf100-8b59-4040-bdc9-b8d6a06aab8b-1
00:31:57.254 --> 00:32:01.628
complementary to other types of
bonding, whether it be

463cf100-8b59-4040-bdc9-b8d6a06aab8b-2
00:32:01.628 --> 00:32:06.399
mechanical, chemical or thermal,
are regarded as non woven.

8b31f7ae-da86-44d5-acc5-e62daa41e5d5-0
00:32:06.680 --> 00:32:11.366
But they're not felt and would
be classified and would not be

8b31f7ae-da86-44d5-acc5-e62daa41e5d5-1
00:32:11.366 --> 00:32:15.523
I'm sorry and would be
classified under heading 57 O 5

8b31f7ae-da86-44d5-acc5-e62daa41e5d5-2
00:32:15.523 --> 00:32:16.960
rather than 57 O 4.

59997652-0098-4c82-830c-e25015ece18c-0
00:32:19.000 --> 00:32:24.560
So here's an example of a needle
loom mat with a rubber backing.

707effa3-2ddd-42f9-892b-054f06fdad20-0
00:32:24.560 --> 00:32:28.156
You can see the two layers on
the side view and the rubber

707effa3-2ddd-42f9-892b-054f06fdad20-1
00:32:28.156 --> 00:32:29.680
backing on the back view.

ac3005e3-6697-4eb1-b848-ca0c497d5905-0
00:32:32.480 --> 00:32:36.320
Another example of the felt rug
with plastic dots on the bottom.

2df806da-d1e2-4582-b187-d2cb49a97e15-0
00:32:36.840 --> 00:32:45.320
Probably used as a golf green
and this is an example.

0fbc50a6-ccb6-4e42-aa71-3c6d63f4547b-0
00:32:45.320 --> 00:32:51.579
By changing the needle shape a
ribbed felt rug can be created

0fbc50a6-ccb6-4e42-aa71-3c6d63f4547b-1
00:32:51.579 --> 00:32:53.800
creating those ridges.

35b21291-c405-4597-a4c4-7ae7294333cc-0
00:32:56.360 --> 00:33:00.436
Here are small tiles like this
that assemble into a kind of

35b21291-c405-4597-a4c4-7ae7294333cc-1
00:33:00.436 --> 00:33:01.320
anti fatigue.

f8d93684-3fee-4adb-bd01-e4f8534a12f1-0
00:33:01.320 --> 00:33:10.514
Matting would be classified
under subheading 57 O 410-0090,

f8d93684-3fee-4adb-bd01-e4f8534a12f1-1
00:33:10.514 --> 00:33:13.120
dutiable at 4.7%.

64164e8f-dec4-4300-97ad-baeec17cb019-0
00:33:16.520 --> 00:33:20.077
Automobile carpeting and door
mats are frequently made of

64164e8f-dec4-4300-97ad-baeec17cb019-1
00:33:20.077 --> 00:33:21.120
needle loom felt.

af9cc8af-a4d7-42ea-b0c7-e0576fa88be9-0
00:33:21.120 --> 00:33:26.041
The explanatory note to heading
87 O 8 excludes floor mats of

af9cc8af-a4d7-42ea-b0c7-e0576fa88be9-1
00:33:26.041 --> 00:33:30.486
textile material, so it is not
considered an automobile

af9cc8af-a4d7-42ea-b0c7-e0576fa88be9-2
00:33:30.486 --> 00:33:31.280
accessory.

3c8e94ad-a495-46e2-bb94-6f4b0f1e2dc6-0
00:33:31.760 --> 00:33:35.935
This however, doesn't mean that
all car mats are classified

3c8e94ad-a495-46e2-bb94-6f4b0f1e2dc6-1
00:33:35.935 --> 00:33:36.840
under 57 O 4.

a17470da-c05b-4572-ac5a-281eecdc5532-0
00:33:37.400 --> 00:33:42.412
There are also rulings and cross
for knitted pile car mats,

a17470da-c05b-4572-ac5a-281eecdc5532-1
00:33:42.412 --> 00:33:46.840
flocked car mats that would be
classified in 57 O 5.

cb4be228-edd2-4d83-afe0-d67afeed7906-0
00:33:46.880 --> 00:33:49.280
Again, it's all about
construction.

09d491c8-6971-44c4-9f54-e58a6b5daf49-0
00:33:54.520 --> 00:33:58.640
Though needle loom felt is often
used as under padding or

09d491c8-6971-44c4-9f54-e58a6b5daf49-1
00:33:58.640 --> 00:33:59.280
underlay.

6144d851-410c-48c9-9483-f8ef4b71e27a-0
00:33:59.520 --> 00:34:02.680
These items are excluded from
chapter 57.

4a70b00c-bb98-4950-a347-6f6b1d41e9fd-0
00:34:02.680 --> 00:34:06.755
Under chapter 57 note to the
explanatory note states

4a70b00c-bb98-4950-a347-6f6b1d41e9fd-1
00:34:06.755 --> 00:34:10.907
underlays are classified
according to the constituent

4a70b00c-bb98-4950-a347-6f6b1d41e9fd-2
00:34:10.907 --> 00:34:11.600
material.

786d863e-4551-42f8-ad45-cfebfdfc53ad-0
00:34:11.600 --> 00:34:16.700
Generally felt underlay would be
classified under heading 56 O2

786d863e-4551-42f8-ad45-cfebfdfc53ad-1
00:34:16.700 --> 00:34:21.959
as long as they're not otherwise
excluded from that heading, such

786d863e-4551-42f8-ad45-cfebfdfc53ad-2
00:34:21.959 --> 00:34:26.421
as being made-up or not
qualifying as a felt because it

786d863e-4551-42f8-ad45-cfebfdfc53ad-3
00:34:26.421 --> 00:34:30.725
has an additional bonding
process done other than the

786d863e-4551-42f8-ad45-cfebfdfc53ad-4
00:34:30.725 --> 00:34:32.000
needle punching.

d9909463-5b1f-4e75-a3cd-02827c93e2d5-0
00:34:36.960 --> 00:34:41.320
The last heading under 57 is 57
O 5.

f895bff4-e236-49d0-8960-901d2c47fe7d-0
00:34:41.760 --> 00:34:47.085
This would include knitted,
bonded and other non woven,

f895bff4-e236-49d0-8960-901d2c47fe7d-1
00:34:47.085 --> 00:34:52.980
flocked, braided and embroidered
such as needlepoint or chain

f895bff4-e236-49d0-8960-901d2c47fe7d-2
00:34:52.980 --> 00:34:57.640
stitch that completely covers
the ground fabric.

66b22d14-b2dd-4e38-9af5-8f57afd1a9a4-0
00:34:58.040 --> 00:35:02.683
The duty rate here is 3.3%
unless it's made of coir, in

66b22d14-b2dd-4e38-9af5-8f57afd1a9a4-1
00:35:02.683 --> 00:35:06.000
which case the duty rate is free
again.

fe7864db-1fc2-42b2-b1b3-ed17b7b61ac2-0
00:35:06.320 --> 00:35:12.988
You also have the section 3O1
duties from China of 25%

fe7864db-1fc2-42b2-b1b3-ed17b7b61ac2-1
00:35:12.988 --> 00:35:14.080
applying.

2bf5e818-35ec-4baa-8e96-21c15522ac89-0
00:35:17.440 --> 00:35:22.933
So fusion bonding is a process
of embedding or implanting pile

2bf5e818-35ec-4baa-8e96-21c15522ac89-1
00:35:22.933 --> 00:35:25.200
yarns into the vinyl coil.

dbf38264-e2ee-4704-a97b-581a180e1b4f-0
00:35:25.240 --> 00:35:30.120
Door mat or coir door mats are
often made this way.

b280d7b1-bb20-4652-b8a3-e6ca4ca36fbc-0
00:35:30.120 --> 00:35:34.520
The photo on the right shows a
cross section of the rug where

b280d7b1-bb20-4652-b8a3-e6ca4ca36fbc-1
00:35:34.520 --> 00:35:38.920
you can see that the yarns are
embedded in the final backing.

8ecf758f-71f9-4e74-83a5-49601562ac6c-0
00:35:39.320 --> 00:35:43.040
So this would be 57 O 500-1000.

f9dbff7c-fb0c-4868-b501-d947972ed831-0
00:35:43.600 --> 00:35:47.964
These will be of cut pile
because they are made with two

f9dbff7c-fb0c-4868-b501-d947972ed831-1
00:35:47.964 --> 00:35:51.640
backings and coatings that share
the same pile.

b792294c-48b4-445c-9de5-04baa11efb34-0
00:35:52.000 --> 00:35:58.736
And then the the face is cut at
the center of the pile to form 2

b792294c-48b4-445c-9de5-04baa11efb34-1
00:35:58.736 --> 00:36:05.058
separate rugs as you can see in
my attempt to make a diagram

b792294c-48b4-445c-9de5-04baa11efb34-2
00:36:05.058 --> 00:36:05.680
there.

87246abe-a21a-430b-8821-f8aa6743d67d-0
00:36:08.960 --> 00:36:12.160
So here is a side by side view.

05b367a6-5b13-4c31-a48f-89515a24bc50-0
00:36:12.160 --> 00:36:18.466
Here's the There's a provision
for coir mats under 57 O2, which

05b367a6-5b13-4c31-a48f-89515a24bc50-1
00:36:18.466 --> 00:36:20.240
covers woven mats.

7abbc2df-0044-4415-87a1-147c64a9fc2f-0
00:36:20.720 --> 00:36:25.750
Viewing the pile surface of
these two constructions, if

7abbc2df-0044-4415-87a1-147c64a9fc2f-1
00:36:25.750 --> 00:36:31.319
you're looking at it from the
top view, is indistinguishable,

7abbc2df-0044-4415-87a1-147c64a9fc2f-2
00:36:31.319 --> 00:36:35.900
but a look from the cross
sections reveals a clear

7abbc2df-0044-4415-87a1-147c64a9fc2f-3
00:36:35.900 --> 00:36:41.199
difference between 57-O2 foyer
mat and a 57 O 5 coyer mat.

4f309788-07bf-43f2-bc59-9b4be717348b-0
00:36:43.320 --> 00:36:46.400
Both configurations, however,
are free of duty.

bf8f431c-4c05-4f43-a1ab-f4791d9204e5-0
00:36:49.280 --> 00:36:51.840
The second name type is non
woven.

bd973911-1b0c-4470-8315-bf8c8b7bc8ee-0
00:36:52.160 --> 00:36:56.280
Here is a non woven that is also
fused to the backing.

c5641be0-df6a-47b2-b01b-d7ddabf183ce-0
00:36:56.520 --> 00:37:00.935
A small photograph or the small
photograph in the middle shows

c5641be0-df6a-47b2-b01b-d7ddabf183ce-1
00:37:00.935 --> 00:37:04.160
how the edges are pressed and
fused together.

37e48de6-1897-446f-abf1-c3cfceb97e9a-0
00:37:04.720 --> 00:37:09.133
Just a reminder that whether
this mat is manufactured with a

37e48de6-1897-446f-abf1-c3cfceb97e9a-1
00:37:09.133 --> 00:37:13.690
surface of monofilament with a
cross section not exceeding 1mm

37e48de6-1897-446f-abf1-c3cfceb97e9a-2
00:37:13.690 --> 00:37:18.031
as we discussed with the turf,
or whether it is made from a

37e48de6-1897-446f-abf1-c3cfceb97e9a-3
00:37:18.031 --> 00:37:22.444
monofilament of 54 O four that
is then coated and covered or

37e48de6-1897-446f-abf1-c3cfceb97e9a-4
00:37:22.444 --> 00:37:24.760
sheathed with rubber or plastic.

eb4e05f1-c02b-41f3-abdb-322042c01034-0
00:37:25.200 --> 00:37:29.247
The non woven material is
considered to be made of a

eb4e05f1-c02b-41f3-abdb-322042c01034-1
00:37:29.247 --> 00:37:30.240
textile yarn.

ede616fd-fe84-40d2-9a1e-6ba6e4155aa0-0
00:37:31.000 --> 00:37:35.991
I've seen these sorts of rugs
advertised and sold as cat

ede616fd-fe84-40d2-9a1e-6ba6e4155aa0-1
00:37:35.991 --> 00:37:41.333
litter mats as the litter can
get trapped into the web Flock

ede616fd-fe84-40d2-9a1e-6ba6e4155aa0-2
00:37:41.333 --> 00:37:46.851
Floor coverings have very short,
straight, non textured fibers

ede616fd-fe84-40d2-9a1e-6ba6e4155aa0-3
00:37:46.851 --> 00:37:52.368
ranging from less than 1/10 of
an inch to about 1/4 of an inch

ede616fd-fe84-40d2-9a1e-6ba6e4155aa0-4
00:37:52.368 --> 00:37:57.360
attached to a substrate that is
coated with an adhesive.

7a474304-d753-4290-b556-1f58df74963d-0
00:37:58.440 --> 00:37:59.640
They are generally.

190e5a35-2a0f-43a8-9766-5b59dfad1381-0
00:38:00.600 --> 00:38:04.841
There are generally 2 methods
used to flock and both methods

190e5a35-2a0f-43a8-9766-5b59dfad1381-1
00:38:04.841 --> 00:38:08.526
the fibers are placed in a
hopper and the mechanical

190e5a35-2a0f-43a8-9766-5b59dfad1381-2
00:38:08.526 --> 00:38:12.767
method, vibration and gravity
are used to attract the fibers

190e5a35-2a0f-43a8-9766-5b59dfad1381-3
00:38:12.767 --> 00:38:13.879
to the adhesive.

3b526f7a-3af1-4364-b013-fcd70d612c2e-0
00:38:13.880 --> 00:38:17.647
As you see in the upper left
hand corner and the

3b526f7a-3af1-4364-b013-fcd70d612c2e-1
00:38:17.647 --> 00:38:22.567
electrostatic method, the flock
fibers are electrically charged

3b526f7a-3af1-4364-b013-fcd70d612c2e-2
00:38:22.567 --> 00:38:25.720
causing the fibers to Orient
vertically.

c9cb6644-575d-4536-ad8c-daf923963db9-0
00:38:26.120 --> 00:38:30.336
The fibers are then propelled
and anchored in into the

c9cb6644-575d-4536-ad8c-daf923963db9-1
00:38:30.336 --> 00:38:35.090
adhesive at right angles to the
substrate as it passes over a

c9cb6644-575d-4536-ad8c-daf923963db9-2
00:38:35.090 --> 00:38:36.240
grounded plate.

35c45a8e-7ebb-472c-9034-982d03ea0c71-0
00:38:39.200 --> 00:38:43.307
Flock construction is often used
for mats and automotive floor

35c45a8e-7ebb-472c-9034-982d03ea0c71-1
00:38:43.307 --> 00:38:43.960
coverings.

ee959d26-d04e-4089-899e-d3bdedfa89b4-0
00:38:43.960 --> 00:38:49.280
They can be used produced from
almost any fiber, natural or man

ee959d26-d04e-4089-899e-d3bdedfa89b4-1
00:38:49.280 --> 00:38:53.853
made, and they may be soft with
a velvet or suede like

ee959d26-d04e-4089-899e-d3bdedfa89b4-2
00:38:53.853 --> 00:38:56.680
appearance, or they can be
stiff.

52b3e26e-897a-4482-85cb-a5e46913c346-0
00:38:57.600 --> 00:39:01.418
Here you can see the flock mat
showing the short fibers

52b3e26e-897a-4482-85cb-a5e46913c346-1
00:39:01.418 --> 00:39:04.760
sticking into the adhesive and
the foam backing.

6558474a-5d96-4d7b-88a8-e5578840aaa6-0
00:39:09.600 --> 00:39:13.568
Fairchild's Dictionary of Home
Furnishings describes knitted

6558474a-5d96-4d7b-88a8-e5578840aaa6-1
00:39:13.568 --> 00:39:17.666
carpets as using three sets of
needles by which the pile yarn,

6558474a-5d96-4d7b-88a8-e5578840aaa6-2
00:39:17.666 --> 00:39:21.699
stitching yarn and backing yarn
are looped together to form a

6558474a-5d96-4d7b-88a8-e5578840aaa6-3
00:39:21.699 --> 00:39:22.480
pile fabric.

3d8582d8-29f4-47e4-9091-26a2a7b1a5b2-0
00:39:23.280 --> 00:39:27.849
The Carpet and Rug Institute's
Carpet Primer indicates that

3d8582d8-29f4-47e4-9091-26a2a7b1a5b2-1
00:39:27.849 --> 00:39:32.115
these rugs are sometimes
referred to as woven interlock

3d8582d8-29f4-47e4-9091-26a2a7b1a5b2-2
00:39:32.115 --> 00:39:34.400
and are often used in schools.

2575b35b-3c2f-4b62-8587-979c6bf57736-0
00:39:34.960 --> 00:39:39.400
These carpets make up a very
small percentage of the market.

65dcf275-ffbc-4817-8f34-c15152f1d7c2-0
00:39:41.920 --> 00:39:43.000
Here's an example.

ec10a276-1beb-416a-a6f5-634dba62533c-0
00:39:43.000 --> 00:39:44.760
You can see the looped pile.

74fc0502-76a3-4b89-97e3-9e3a5d7d9c50-0
00:39:45.200 --> 00:39:50.020
You can see the adhesive backing
and then the loop stitches on

74fc0502-76a3-4b89-97e3-9e3a5d7d9c50-1
00:39:50.020 --> 00:39:54.000
the base of the fabric and the
right hand pictures.

99ff9d2a-8d3d-4949-b2a1-ed9bd6615531-0
00:39:59.080 --> 00:40:04.400
The explanatory notes do say do
say that the knit floor

99ff9d2a-8d3d-4949-b2a1-ed9bd6615531-1
00:40:04.400 --> 00:40:09.625
coverings may have the
appearance of first skin, which

99ff9d2a-8d3d-4949-b2a1-ed9bd6615531-2
00:40:09.625 --> 00:40:11.240
you can see here.

38c72cbd-5223-42d1-b832-80fbf1ee4a3a-0
00:40:11.240 --> 00:40:13.280
You can see the knit stitches.

e67a9aa1-53db-47aa-89b9-42d78f9f5076-0
00:40:14.600 --> 00:40:20.023
In this enlarged photo in the
bottom right, what I think is

e67a9aa1-53db-47aa-89b9-42d78f9f5076-1
00:40:20.023 --> 00:40:25.537
important here is to note that
the explanatory notes are not

e67a9aa1-53db-47aa-89b9-42d78f9f5076-2
00:40:25.537 --> 00:40:30.600
exhaustive of what a knitted
floor covering looks like.

82d31349-f1ae-47eb-854c-953b89b370e9-0
00:40:30.600 --> 00:40:34.965
The heading includes knitted
floor pile floor coverings,

82d31349-f1ae-47eb-854c-953b89b370e9-1
00:40:34.965 --> 00:40:39.483
including knitted pile turf, but
it can also include floor

82d31349-f1ae-47eb-854c-953b89b370e9-2
00:40:39.483 --> 00:40:42.240
coverings that are not pile at
all.

280dc23d-a3b3-4ff9-8b19-ed381819d0a0-0
00:40:42.640 --> 00:40:47.080
You can see several of these
varieties pictured here.

f689218d-a302-4bbc-b87a-1fa112b722bd-0
00:40:50.480 --> 00:40:56.387
I'd say the most frequent type
of knitted floor covering we see

f689218d-a302-4bbc-b87a-1fa112b722bd-1
00:40:56.387 --> 00:40:57.680
are bath mats.

ab8afa52-7de2-4a7b-b0c1-6e018e22a445-0
00:40:58.240 --> 00:41:02.222
These are usually layered with
the foam cushion and a knot skid

ab8afa52-7de2-4a7b-b0c1-6e018e22a445-1
00:41:02.222 --> 00:41:02.720
backing.

4f89eb11-f314-4380-9e28-76bfeff3c510-0
00:41:03.440 --> 00:41:08.182
With this bath mat, you wouldn't
have been able to tell through

4f89eb11-f314-4380-9e28-76bfeff3c510-1
00:41:08.182 --> 00:41:12.629
the pile surface that it was
knit, but if you peel back and

4f89eb11-f314-4380-9e28-76bfeff3c510-2
00:41:12.629 --> 00:41:17.223
deconstruct, you can clearly
tell that this is a knitted bath

4f89eb11-f314-4380-9e28-76bfeff3c510-3
00:41:17.223 --> 00:41:17.520
mat.

ac31f957-c2f2-4758-93fa-4607d414fe69-0
00:41:21.600 --> 00:41:25.683
Another type of floor covering
classified under heading 57 O

ac31f957-c2f2-4758-93fa-4607d414fe69-1
00:41:25.683 --> 00:41:29.901
five that is not mentioned in
the explanatory notes is braided

ac31f957-c2f2-4758-93fa-4607d414fe69-2
00:41:29.901 --> 00:41:31.039
carpets and rugs.

b63fe49a-f5c7-449f-ad7b-5939f7140f55-0
00:41:31.520 --> 00:41:35.933
Although there is interlacing,
braid is not considered woven

b63fe49a-f5c7-449f-ad7b-5939f7140f55-1
00:41:35.933 --> 00:41:37.960
for classification purposes.

ffc28317-6561-45d9-84b9-7047e76c424e-0
00:41:38.480 --> 00:41:42.812
Weaving is defined as
interlacing at right angles by

ffc28317-6561-45d9-84b9-7047e76c424e-1
00:41:42.812 --> 00:41:46.000
two systems of threads, warp and
weft.

683470ce-a04f-481a-b9b4-cd854df5d575-0
00:41:47.080 --> 00:41:49.200
There is no warp and weft in a
braid.

4241d550-2fab-436d-b358-8d06424b44d4-0
00:41:49.200 --> 00:41:53.200
Therefore, braided rugs are
classified in 57 O 5.

c2e86762-7813-4d1f-9a94-9c2976815aab-0
00:41:53.720 --> 00:41:58.473
These rugs typically have
braided strands assembled side

c2e86762-7813-4d1f-9a94-9c2976815aab-1
00:41:58.473 --> 00:42:03.477
by side in a round or Oval
pattern, and adjacent braids are

c2e86762-7813-4d1f-9a94-9c2976815aab-2
00:42:03.477 --> 00:42:06.480
sewn together at regular
intervals.

57eed218-e684-46ca-8707-2604b8aeabda-0
00:42:09.080 --> 00:42:14.755
Here's a unique carpet with a
surface of two tubular braids

57eed218-e684-46ca-8707-2604b8aeabda-1
00:42:14.755 --> 00:42:16.080
forming loops.

e9fcaaad-a0b3-4233-8c97-e7a773a28a10-0
00:42:16.720 --> 00:42:20.800
The loop is glued to a base
fabric of woven jute.

5ece678e-6ad1-474c-9b16-507b368d6d2c-0
00:42:20.880 --> 00:42:24.000
This is also 57 O 5.

5506e645-8bd8-4572-8e70-840202744e17-0
00:42:27.520 --> 00:42:33.318
Needlepoint is considered a type
of embroidery and when rugs are

5506e645-8bd8-4572-8e70-840202744e17-1
00:42:33.318 --> 00:42:38.670
made with needlepoint stitches
covering the entire surface,

5506e645-8bd8-4572-8e70-840202744e17-2
00:42:38.670 --> 00:42:44.111
they would also be classified
under heading 57 O 5, as would

5506e645-8bd8-4572-8e70-840202744e17-3
00:42:44.111 --> 00:42:47.680
this rug of an embroidery chain
stitch.

5bc081b9-ecee-4399-828c-f27201de9eed-0
00:42:53.760 --> 00:42:58.926
This rug was stated to be a pile
table weave but it is neither

5bc081b9-ecee-4399-828c-f27201de9eed-1
00:42:58.926 --> 00:43:00.320
woven nor a pile.

8e13e51a-b208-4609-82ed-ce9704226dc7-0
00:43:00.680 --> 00:43:06.397
It is made by sewing yarns to a
non woven base fabric and is

8e13e51a-b208-4609-82ed-ce9704226dc7-1
00:43:06.397 --> 00:43:09.960
also classified under heading 57
O 5.

5ffa7d1a-c0b2-427a-80e8-0a0a8e81bda9-0
00:43:12.920 --> 00:43:18.407
OK, that completes everything I
have on chapter 57, but before I

5ffa7d1a-c0b2-427a-80e8-0a0a8e81bda9-1
00:43:18.407 --> 00:43:23.472
finish up my webinar series on
floor coverings, I wanted to

5ffa7d1a-c0b2-427a-80e8-0a0a8e81bda9-2
00:43:23.472 --> 00:43:28.453
capture heading 59 O four,
another floor covering included

5ffa7d1a-c0b2-427a-80e8-0a0a8e81bda9-3
00:43:28.453 --> 00:43:30.479
in the textile chapters.

af36d99e-c23b-4670-945f-501dcfb821cd-0
00:43:30.480 --> 00:43:36.097
The duty rate here is free, but
there is also that Section 3 O1

af36d99e-c23b-4670-945f-501dcfb821cd-1
00:43:36.097 --> 00:43:39.960
duty of 25% assessed on imports
from China.

c143c287-fe7f-432d-a6b8-75399aa07a59-0
00:43:42.120 --> 00:43:43.840
Anybody remember this floor?

5ab9dbc4-a3b9-4d38-8c39-73c86ed130b7-0
00:43:44.080 --> 00:43:50.017
It is pattern 5352 and it's the
best selling linoleum pattern of

5ab9dbc4-a3b9-4d38-8c39-73c86ed130b7-1
00:43:50.017 --> 00:43:50.840
all time.

ef60cf64-751e-42a5-93cc-410243511cc9-0
00:43:51.600 --> 00:43:55.600
If you grew up in the 50s and
60s or even 70s, you may have

ef60cf64-751e-42a5-93cc-410243511cc9-1
00:43:55.600 --> 00:43:59.800
had a pattern this pattern on
your kitchen floor or seen it on

ef60cf64-751e-42a5-93cc-410243511cc9-2
00:43:59.800 --> 00:44:01.200
a grandparents floor.

e97f2960-c324-45dd-af9e-d296fecb87a4-0
00:44:01.640 --> 00:44:03.280
I know we had it at some point.

3a74e1d7-73a6-411e-a5ff-7ee4588ec310-0
00:44:04.480 --> 00:44:09.240
Linoleum was invented in 1863 by
Frederick Walton.

e1070e90-8b5b-490f-a20c-fbba8336f09a-0
00:44:09.240 --> 00:44:15.578
The word linoleum comes from the
Latin terms of flax linum and

e1070e90-8b5b-490f-a20c-fbba8336f09a-1
00:44:15.578 --> 00:44:21.614
oil oleum, the process involving
taking lanoxin or oxidized

e1070e90-8b5b-490f-a20c-fbba8336f09a-2
00:44:21.614 --> 00:44:27.550
linseed oil, mixing it with
resins, and heating to produce

e1070e90-8b5b-490f-a20c-fbba8336f09a-3
00:44:27.550 --> 00:44:29.160
linoleum cement.

6e5272af-32e6-4507-826e-5bc786811e79-0
00:44:30.480 --> 00:44:35.312
After sitting for an extended
period of time, the cement is

6e5272af-32e6-4507-826e-5bc786811e79-1
00:44:35.312 --> 00:44:40.224
mixed with dried ingredients
such as cork, dust, wood flour,

6e5272af-32e6-4507-826e-5bc786811e79-2
00:44:40.224 --> 00:44:44.976
pigments and powdered limestone
or calcium carbonate and a

6e5272af-32e6-4507-826e-5bc786811e79-3
00:44:44.976 --> 00:44:48.520
series of mixtures, mixtures and
extruders.

b5b6d8f6-93b2-4335-98a3-d363846fd0c7-0
00:44:48.960 --> 00:44:53.519
This mixture is then used to
coat a base fabric, which is

b5b6d8f6-93b2-4335-98a3-d363846fd0c7-1
00:44:53.519 --> 00:44:55.720
generally a burlap material.

8c0fa20d-7848-41b6-ad08-d724307399a9-0
00:44:56.600 --> 00:45:01.479
Fun fact, the inventor Walton,
filed a patent but never

8c0fa20d-7848-41b6-ad08-d724307399a9-1
00:45:01.479 --> 00:45:05.400
registered the name linoleum as
a trademark.

bc293822-2240-4eb6-bed6-93dc4487e5b1-0
00:45:05.800 --> 00:45:10.758
When competition started heating
up in the 1870s, Walton tried to

bc293822-2240-4eb6-bed6-93dc4487e5b1-1
00:45:10.758 --> 00:45:15.040
sue his competitor for trademark
infringement, but lost.

9e0b6b7d-6694-4305-860f-e5ec0aecf603-0
00:45:15.040 --> 00:45:19.125
When the court ruled that
linoleum had become a generic

9e0b6b7d-6694-4305-860f-e5ec0aecf603-1
00:45:19.125 --> 00:45:23.721
term since its invention, author
Jane Powell wrote in her book

9e0b6b7d-6694-4305-860f-e5ec0aecf603-2
00:45:23.721 --> 00:45:28.171
Linoleum that it may have been
the first product to become a

9e0b6b7d-6694-4305-860f-e5ec0aecf603-3
00:45:28.171 --> 00:45:29.120
generic term.

d0d98f29-ee3d-49c8-b87d-36ee5d38798c-0
00:45:29.960 --> 00:45:34.603
Another fun fact is in 1872,
Walton brought production to the

d0d98f29-ee3d-49c8-b87d-36ee5d38798c-1
00:45:34.603 --> 00:45:39.470
United States, opening the very
first linoleum factory on Staten

d0d98f29-ee3d-49c8-b87d-36ee5d38798c-2
00:45:39.470 --> 00:45:43.440
Island, the American Linoleum
Manufacturing Company.

cfb4f09d-743e-4f1d-ae82-cedb6f3d8d89-0
00:45:43.880 --> 00:45:48.194
It had its own town, Linoleum
Ville, which was later changed

cfb4f09d-743e-4f1d-ae82-cedb6f3d8d89-1
00:45:48.194 --> 00:45:49.680
to Travis about 1930.

dc43bb7a-8f78-4845-8e86-a7c9d0ad0552-0
00:45:50.480 --> 00:45:55.275
However, with the surge of the
vinyl floor market, production

dc43bb7a-8f78-4845-8e86-a7c9d0ad0552-1
00:45:55.275 --> 00:46:00.303
of linoleum ended in the United
States in 1974, but it was still

dc43bb7a-8f78-4845-8e86-a7c9d0ad0552-2
00:46:00.303 --> 00:46:02.160
made in other countries.

a2baa6c0-d49d-4cbc-a57b-e209b08a9684-0
00:46:04.440 --> 00:46:08.816
After a short hiatus sparked by
the green movement that took

a2baa6c0-d49d-4cbc-a57b-e209b08a9684-1
00:46:08.816 --> 00:46:11.400
hold in the 1980s, a number of
U.S.

75c4f241-2f82-40bd-a6fc-895733159553-0
00:46:11.400 --> 00:46:14.760
companies began to produce
linoleum again.

a362fd72-7a27-4daa-8737-5c37e669ccec-0
00:46:15.280 --> 00:46:18.560
Today, it is produced in tiles
and sheets.

bf963593-dfc6-41fe-9ef7-b27d459919be-0
00:46:19.040 --> 00:46:23.174
Technology has allowed for
improved design choices, though

bf963593-dfc6-41fe-9ef7-b27d459919be-1
00:46:23.174 --> 00:46:27.308
there are still not as many
options with linoleum as there

bf963593-dfc6-41fe-9ef7-b27d459919be-2
00:46:27.308 --> 00:46:28.360
are with vinyl.

2315c071-91ad-4132-8fbf-6982933f1350-0
00:46:28.920 --> 00:46:32.560
Since there is just one layer of
flooring.

0210ee93-e5d7-41d4-9ef2-3369378ed3f7-0
00:46:32.800 --> 00:46:36.828
The design is continuous
throughout, as you can see here

0210ee93-e5d7-41d4-9ef2-3369378ed3f7-1
00:46:36.828 --> 00:46:41.069
from the side view, and has a
better chance of enduring its

0210ee93-e5d7-41d4-9ef2-3369378ed3f7-2
00:46:41.069 --> 00:46:42.200
looks over time.

939b61e6-9cb8-4361-ab80-a7ef1a5c535f-0
00:46:42.920 --> 00:46:45.760
Linoleum is made from natural
materials.

102500ae-2e42-4eb8-9cdc-a73ecb3fba89-0
00:46:45.800 --> 00:46:50.419
It's renewable content makes it
appealing to homeowners who want

102500ae-2e42-4eb8-9cdc-a73ecb3fba89-1
00:46:50.419 --> 00:46:52.480
to choose bio based products.

4fd22d72-0d3e-4647-89da-6544efbd7cd3-0
00:46:53.360 --> 00:46:58.410
It may contain recycled content
or scraps leftover from the

4fd22d72-0d3e-4647-89da-6544efbd7cd3-1
00:46:58.410 --> 00:47:03.293
manufacturing process that can
be reused when ground into

4fd22d72-0d3e-4647-89da-6544efbd7cd3-2
00:47:03.293 --> 00:47:04.640
linoleum powder.

3260740f-17b4-4c6f-80af-d905c53ab98b-0
00:47:05.280 --> 00:47:09.806
And they just put it back in the
mix in the mixer, so there's a

3260740f-17b4-4c6f-80af-d905c53ab98b-1
00:47:09.806 --> 00:47:11.080
very little waste.

90f12664-14f2-4928-8ad8-b599a6666f6a-0
00:47:14.000 --> 00:47:18.988
Heading 59 O 4 covers, linoleum
and other textile back floor

90f12664-14f2-4928-8ad8-b599a6666f6a-1
00:47:18.988 --> 00:47:21.360
coverings coated and covered.

26e0fe71-4e92-4b9a-af70-263951ea788e-0
00:47:21.600 --> 00:47:25.182
I'm not exactly sure what
products fall under this

26e0fe71-4e92-4b9a-af70-263951ea788e-1
00:47:25.182 --> 00:47:27.360
provision being imported today.

065b5be6-9145-4786-87c8-85cdf3d8dfed-0
00:47:27.960 --> 00:47:32.647
The explanatory notes state the
floor coverings are fairly rigid

065b5be6-9145-4786-87c8-85cdf3d8dfed-1
00:47:32.647 --> 00:47:36.901
of a textile backing coated on
one side, so the backing is

065b5be6-9145-4786-87c8-85cdf3d8dfed-2
00:47:36.901 --> 00:47:38.200
completely masked.

3eaec863-d1b7-4baf-bc92-284aabeca024-0
00:47:38.720 --> 00:47:42.200
The mixture usually consists of
oil and chalk.

7c6d6290-e77d-471c-8405-facf5ff01131-0
00:47:42.920 --> 00:47:45.880
It is then coated with paint.

eee15c82-ca2f-4033-be03-1bb98595414c-0
00:47:46.320 --> 00:47:51.144
The explanatory notes goes on to
state that they may also consist

eee15c82-ca2f-4033-be03-1bb98595414c-1
00:47:51.144 --> 00:47:55.969
of a thick layer of plastic such
as PVC, or simply multiple coats

eee15c82-ca2f-4033-be03-1bb98595414c-2
00:47:55.969 --> 00:47:59.040
of paint directly on the textile
backing.

b46b12f4-934e-41bd-a439-37fa7d171a26-0
00:47:59.680 --> 00:48:04.734
This description seems to
describe the like of oil cloth

b46b12f4-934e-41bd-a439-37fa7d171a26-1
00:48:04.734 --> 00:48:09.878
which was invented in 1627,
which preceded even linoleum,

b46b12f4-934e-41bd-a439-37fa7d171a26-2
00:48:09.878 --> 00:48:15.376
and a 1910 invention known as
felt base, which was an asphalt

b46b12f4-934e-41bd-a439-37fa7d171a26-3
00:48:15.376 --> 00:48:20.609
saturated felt with a design
printed on the surface in oil

b46b12f4-934e-41bd-a439-37fa7d171a26-4
00:48:20.609 --> 00:48:24.600
paint and much the same fashion
as linoleum.

c37fd751-97c4-407a-8baf-0e82298eea18-0
00:48:25.640 --> 00:48:28.998
These are the two products that
come to my mind when I read the

c37fd751-97c4-407a-8baf-0e82298eea18-1
00:48:28.998 --> 00:48:30.520
explanatory note description.

70299f6b-bd82-4423-a82c-ec0feded7c06-0
00:48:30.520 --> 00:48:34.905
But I don't know that these have
been imported at all in

70299f6b-bd82-4423-a82c-ec0feded7c06-1
00:48:34.905 --> 00:48:39.445
commercial quantities and at
least the last half century I

70299f6b-bd82-4423-a82c-ec0feded7c06-2
00:48:39.445 --> 00:48:43.600
found no rulings of these other
provisions and cross.

3639430e-7af1-437a-b957-542384a8f5d5-0
00:48:45.160 --> 00:48:47.600
But the tariff has to have a
place for everything, right?

7f95a308-f280-410f-ab0f-2c8a179142bf-0
00:48:47.600 --> 00:48:52.901
So even if it's not currently
imported, there is a place for a

7f95a308-f280-410f-ab0f-2c8a179142bf-1
00:48:52.901 --> 00:48:58.202
future product to fit here again
it I don't know, maybe one of

7f95a308-f280-410f-ab0f-2c8a179142bf-2
00:48:58.202 --> 00:49:01.400
you know of a product that fits
here.

61e162f9-a37f-4c99-9005-baff90dac7f9-0
00:49:01.400 --> 00:49:05.751
If so, I'd love to hear from you
if you want to reach out and let

61e162f9-a37f-4c99-9005-baff90dac7f9-1
00:49:05.751 --> 00:49:07.400
me know where to find it.

8cbfbe35-7638-4e66-bc9c-8bb41d75d29c-0
00:49:12.320 --> 00:49:16.413
Hey, the carpet industry has
been working to reduce its

8cbfbe35-7638-4e66-bc9c-8bb41d75d29c-1
00:49:16.413 --> 00:49:18.680
footprint since the late 1990s.

9c3577af-9c30-4764-99fc-3ae7e49fa617-0
00:49:19.040 --> 00:49:23.197
There are efforts to reduce
energy consumption and waste

9c3577af-9c30-4764-99fc-3ae7e49fa617-1
00:49:23.197 --> 00:49:24.000
generation.

3515f447-7c27-4edd-a12b-2f259c327d1e-0
00:49:24.680 --> 00:49:29.800
They have tried to address air,
water and land pollution and an

3515f447-7c27-4edd-a12b-2f259c327d1e-1
00:49:29.800 --> 00:49:34.520
effort to support environmental
sustainability on the post

3515f447-7c27-4edd-a12b-2f259c327d1e-2
00:49:34.520 --> 00:49:35.240
consumer.

35a04d36-23b2-4c99-ad75-6141bcbc812f-0
00:49:35.240 --> 00:49:40.257
And while many large carpet
manufacturers are participating

35a04d36-23b2-4c99-ad75-6141bcbc812f-1
00:49:40.257 --> 00:49:45.525
in efforts to support recycling,
over £4 billion of carpet and

35a04d36-23b2-4c99-ad75-6141bcbc812f-2
00:49:45.525 --> 00:49:50.793
are at the solid waste stream in
the United States every year,

35a04d36-23b2-4c99-ad75-6141bcbc812f-3
00:49:50.793 --> 00:49:56.145
accounting for more than 1% by
weight and about 2% by volume of

35a04d36-23b2-4c99-ad75-6141bcbc812f-4
00:49:56.145 --> 00:49:58.320
all municipal solid waste.

5444c947-fd91-479d-a73a-bfd0eafdb870-0
00:49:58.840 --> 00:50:01.360
So there is still a lot of work
to do.

ad485f42-7788-4259-8254-041d1b50cfd8-0
00:50:03.520 --> 00:50:09.175
I'm wondering if anybody would
care to write in the chat box

ad485f42-7788-4259-8254-041d1b50cfd8-1
00:50:09.175 --> 00:50:14.645
what you think some of the
challenges might be that exists

ad485f42-7788-4259-8254-041d1b50cfd8-2
00:50:14.645 --> 00:50:17.520
for the industry to go greener?

d60d8751-cfda-43ae-8e13-8403fce61486-0
00:50:21.520 --> 00:50:25.720
Anyone cost?

4dfb3f30-5070-41ef-ac49-2a87c1108dec-0
00:50:25.760 --> 00:50:34.720
Yep, separate, very good.

3cd3d4e6-d601-43b5-8b36-cfd57febf249-0
00:50:34.720 --> 00:50:38.960
This is exactly going into my
next slide.

f59db585-a924-45b6-aa57-e1ffc9c3fb0a-0
00:50:40.240 --> 00:50:44.560
So cost is a big issue.

baf22d40-a939-45d2-add8-fb001718bcb8-0
00:50:44.560 --> 00:50:49.503
Some people think that since a
used carpet is waste, recycling

baf22d40-a939-45d2-add8-fb001718bcb8-1
00:50:49.503 --> 00:50:50.680
should be free.

3bef9694-8b11-487b-91d7-6c8e6463fdb9-0
00:50:51.040 --> 00:50:54.555
But it costs money to recycle
carpet, just like it does to

3bef9694-8b11-487b-91d7-6c8e6463fdb9-1
00:50:54.555 --> 00:50:56.760
recycle any of your household
trash.

cd40b702-726f-4c39-84cc-a488de07ae39-0
00:50:57.520 --> 00:51:02.085
With carpet, there are costs for
collection, for analyzing the

cd40b702-726f-4c39-84cc-a488de07ae39-1
00:51:02.085 --> 00:51:06.505
compositions, for separating the
components, for storage and

cd40b702-726f-4c39-84cc-a488de07ae39-2
00:51:06.505 --> 00:51:08.680
transportation, and on and on.

365af12c-9895-47b8-bb50-2aec098b85b2-0
00:51:09.440 --> 00:51:15.360
Another obstacle is due to the
makeup of the carpet.

b5764f62-0743-4112-a008-826e4b6c1519-0
00:51:15.360 --> 00:51:17.880
The majority of carpets are
composite goods.

d3d89949-587e-4b73-b18e-7db4e50146fc-0
00:51:17.880 --> 00:51:22.349
As we've seen, it can be
difficult to deconstruct and

d3d89949-587e-4b73-b18e-7db4e50146fc-1
00:51:22.349 --> 00:51:26.240
separate the components after
its useful life.

87c7726a-b6b2-488e-acf2-796cc957ff36-0
00:51:26.480 --> 00:51:30.728
Throughout this presentation,
I've discussed and shown you

87c7726a-b6b2-488e-acf2-796cc957ff36-1
00:51:30.728 --> 00:51:34.544
multiple layers many floor
coverings have, including

87c7726a-b6b2-488e-acf2-796cc957ff36-2
00:51:34.544 --> 00:51:39.008
adhesives and glues, fillers,
different polymers used for the

87c7726a-b6b2-488e-acf2-796cc957ff36-3
00:51:39.008 --> 00:51:40.520
pile and the backing.

5184ebb4-f262-4ba1-9b1b-9a77e384bd61-0
00:51:41.240 --> 00:51:45.474
All of this makes it difficult
to separate into distinct

5184ebb4-f262-4ba1-9b1b-9a77e384bd61-1
00:51:45.474 --> 00:51:46.960
recyclable material.

8fb5cb25-2946-49b4-8082-e7ce5f6d58eb-0
00:51:47.680 --> 00:51:51.791
Each part must be reusable in
order for a carpet to be truly

8fb5cb25-2946-49b4-8082-e7ce5f6d58eb-1
00:51:51.791 --> 00:51:52.600
sustainable.

6cdd6230-a8e5-4624-a7c1-4eb8ff0bcfe3-0
00:51:52.880 --> 00:51:57.803
This can be challenging and most
sustainable carpets then are the

6cdd6230-a8e5-4624-a7c1-4eb8ff0bcfe3-1
00:51:57.803 --> 00:52:02.428
carpets that are made from a
single material, but that's just

6cdd6230-a8e5-4624-a7c1-4eb8ff0bcfe3-2
00:52:02.428 --> 00:52:03.920
simply not the norm.

d69dd384-696b-4195-832e-7c01364beba1-0
00:52:05.160 --> 00:52:09.575
Recyclers need to be able to
find a demand for each component

d69dd384-696b-4195-832e-7c01364beba1-1
00:52:09.575 --> 00:52:13.920
of the composite good and a
closed loop or circular economy.

2a5b9416-2f90-4996-8c5e-58d88a6ad3ed-0
00:52:14.280 --> 00:52:18.760
Everything must stay in balance
for the demand to remain robust.

3c7728a6-6c03-40e8-98c0-d6d57c2e12f3-0
00:52:19.360 --> 00:52:24.273
When the carpet industry change
from using a nylon pile in favor

3c7728a6-6c03-40e8-98c0-d6d57c2e12f3-1
00:52:24.273 --> 00:52:28.280
of a PET pile, a demand for
recycle PET had not been

3c7728a6-6c03-40e8-98c0-d6d57c2e12f3-2
00:52:28.280 --> 00:52:32.135
established and it made
recycling unprofitable for

3c7728a6-6c03-40e8-98c0-d6d57c2e12f3-3
00:52:32.135 --> 00:52:35.840
recyclers, putting many of them
out of business.

e89da331-31bc-457a-8104-cdb0c091ad88-0
00:52:36.560 --> 00:52:41.372
When consumer preferences change
from carpet to vinyl or wood

e89da331-31bc-457a-8104-cdb0c091ad88-1
00:52:41.372 --> 00:52:44.400
flooring, it impacts the supply
chain.

801e31f0-8c9a-457e-b27b-9eeb88edfdd3-0
00:52:44.880 --> 00:52:49.020
When the automobile industry
strikes, it affects the demand

801e31f0-8c9a-457e-b27b-9eeb88edfdd3-1
00:52:49.020 --> 00:52:51.160
for materials in that industry.

18181bee-1063-462e-86ea-8f7c6f166f0f-0
00:52:52.400 --> 00:52:58.166
The war in Ukraine, Gaza, the
additional Section 3O1 duties on

18181bee-1063-462e-86ea-8f7c6f166f0f-1
00:52:58.166 --> 00:53:03.750
Chinese origin goods can all
affect either the demand or and

18181bee-1063-462e-86ea-8f7c6f166f0f-2
00:53:03.750 --> 00:53:07.320
or profitability of recycled
material.

c4bc1b2e-ae2c-4494-9a62-4d52cf01f963-0
00:53:08.040 --> 00:53:11.972
The global economy is
intricately interwoven and when

c4bc1b2e-ae2c-4494-9a62-4d52cf01f963-1
00:53:11.972 --> 00:53:16.560
there is a RIP in that fabric
it's weakens its sustainability.

2f7f7409-a2d9-42ec-bb09-9c581be33762-0
00:53:17.040 --> 00:53:21.437
Or another analogy would be it
becomes increasingly difficult

2f7f7409-a2d9-42ec-bb09-9c581be33762-1
00:53:21.437 --> 00:53:25.905
to keep those scales balanced
when there is a change in either

2f7f7409-a2d9-42ec-bb09-9c581be33762-2
00:53:25.905 --> 00:53:28.600
supply or demand that tips the
scale.

8a5a2bc5-56de-41cb-8b68-7c4f65080b9c-0
00:53:29.320 --> 00:53:33.669
Recyclers may find demand for
one component of a carpet, but

8a5a2bc5-56de-41cb-8b68-7c4f65080b9c-1
00:53:33.669 --> 00:53:38.019
what if they can't find a market
for the other components in

8a5a2bc5-56de-41cb-8b68-7c4f65080b9c-2
00:53:38.019 --> 00:53:39.160
addition to PET?

eaff31f9-3c13-4d1f-9b96-a46a3f7f793c-0
00:53:40.440 --> 00:53:43.840
At first, recyclers didn't know
what to do with that filler.

9faf0c2e-5551-4c9c-94b2-7e535412be2a-0
00:53:43.840 --> 00:53:48.462
Calcium carbonate, that thick
coating on the back of the

9faf0c2e-5551-4c9c-94b2-7e535412be2a-1
00:53:48.462 --> 00:53:49.760
primary backing.

a1ef5474-9bd2-40d1-b956-36a11ed4a6b2-0
00:53:50.040 --> 00:53:54.818
Scientists have to search for
uses for these materials to make

a1ef5474-9bd2-40d1-b956-36a11ed4a6b2-1
00:53:54.818 --> 00:53:55.880
it profitable.

cbc700f9-2f47-4744-9642-71f08b590e21-0
00:53:57.000 --> 00:54:00.696
The technology needs to be
available to identify the

cbc700f9-2f47-4744-9642-71f08b590e21-1
00:54:00.696 --> 00:54:04.253
materials in the carpet,
instruments are needed to

cbc700f9-2f47-4744-9642-71f08b590e21-2
00:54:04.253 --> 00:54:08.229
separate components in order to
turn each component into

cbc700f9-2f47-4744-9642-71f08b590e21-3
00:54:08.229 --> 00:54:12.135
something new, and the
infrastructure needs to be there

cbc700f9-2f47-4744-9642-71f08b590e21-4
00:54:12.135 --> 00:54:13.600
to sustain recycling.

39ea36d7-be3b-46de-bbb9-b599a5b6cfa4-0
00:54:13.600 --> 00:54:18.434
From collection from your home
or office to the shipment of

39ea36d7-be3b-46de-bbb9-b599a5b6cfa4-1
00:54:18.434 --> 00:54:23.268
materials to a manufacturer,
there are a lot of things that

39ea36d7-be3b-46de-bbb9-b599a5b6cfa4-2
00:54:23.268 --> 00:54:24.880
need to be in place.

f4c1664f-7583-470d-9bb8-7ea2f6c56380-0
00:54:28.760 --> 00:54:32.943
There are Ng OS that help to
identify products that meet

f4c1664f-7583-470d-9bb8-7ea2f6c56380-1
00:54:32.943 --> 00:54:36.832
certain sustainability
standards, including products

f4c1664f-7583-470d-9bb8-7ea2f6c56380-2
00:54:36.832 --> 00:54:41.456
from the carpet industry, While
there are others some examples

f4c1664f-7583-470d-9bb8-7ea2f6c56380-3
00:54:41.456 --> 00:54:45.786
of certifications you may want
to look for when purchasing

f4c1664f-7583-470d-9bb8-7ea2f6c56380-4
00:54:45.786 --> 00:54:46.520
carpeting.

4901aec0-de91-43ce-b4cd-3d67f17dde15-0
00:54:47.080 --> 00:54:51.196
Cradle to Cradle Certified is a
registered trademark of the

4901aec0-de91-43ce-b4cd-3d67f17dde15-1
00:54:51.196 --> 00:54:55.243
Cradle to Cradle Products
Innovation Institute, which is a

4901aec0-de91-43ce-b4cd-3d67f17dde15-2
00:54:55.243 --> 00:54:58.673
nonprofit organization
established to encourage a

4901aec0-de91-43ce-b4cd-3d67f17dde15-3
00:54:58.673 --> 00:54:59.840
circular economy.

ec08ed92-223f-4d49-96a2-ad9c4fdd0e5b-0
00:55:00.840 --> 00:55:06.129
They look at 5 main areas, the
material health, the product

ec08ed92-223f-4d49-96a2-ad9c4fdd0e5b-1
00:55:06.129 --> 00:55:11.242
circularity, renewable energy
and climate, water and soil

ec08ed92-223f-4d49-96a2-ad9c4fdd0e5b-2
00:55:11.242 --> 00:55:14.240
stewardship, and social
fairness.

7bfc23ff-b8ae-4e12-955c-683f528c9ce2-0
00:55:15.040 --> 00:55:19.439
The NSFANSAANS I-140
certification is specifically

7bfc23ff-b8ae-4e12-955c-683f528c9ce2-1
00:55:19.439 --> 00:55:24.874
designed for commercial carpets
and rugs and they're assessing

7bfc23ff-b8ae-4e12-955c-683f528c9ce2-2
00:55:24.874 --> 00:55:30.223
the environmental, economic, and
social impacts of the carpet

7bfc23ff-b8ae-4e12-955c-683f528c9ce2-3
00:55:30.223 --> 00:55:31.000
products.

ff335628-0f44-47d1-89a6-53d9cb3bcb01-0
00:55:32.960 --> 00:55:37.682
The Green Label Plus symbol
informs customers that they are

ff335628-0f44-47d1-89a6-53d9cb3bcb01-1
00:55:37.682 --> 00:55:42.325
purchasing the lowest emitting
carpet adhesive and cushion

ff335628-0f44-47d1-89a6-53d9cb3bcb01-2
00:55:42.325 --> 00:55:46.732
products on the market using
scientifically established

ff335628-0f44-47d1-89a6-53d9cb3bcb01-3
00:55:46.732 --> 00:55:47.520
standards.

f2b92dd1-cddf-405f-af45-c63e907853a6-0
00:55:47.520 --> 00:55:52.654
The Green Label Plus program
symbolizes the carpet industry's

f2b92dd1-cddf-405f-af45-c63e907853a6-1
00:55:52.654 --> 00:55:56.960
commitment to creating a better
indoor environment.

5bb3fb08-9f3b-4818-b60b-44c2974d6bff-0
00:55:57.880 --> 00:56:03.659
You can find additional
certifications on the link I

5bb3fb08-9f3b-4818-b60b-44c2974d6bff-1
00:56:03.659 --> 00:56:05.840
provided by the EPA.

5e99a213-b4d9-4434-a82b-115571c08fad-0
00:56:09.640 --> 00:56:13.760
So on the post consumer and I
want to highlight two programs.

afeec6cd-99dd-41a1-97cf-d749c9de332d-0
00:56:13.760 --> 00:56:18.489
The 1st is Carpet America
Recovery Effort, or CARE, which

afeec6cd-99dd-41a1-97cf-d749c9de332d-1
00:56:18.489 --> 00:56:23.545
is a nonprofit organization that
brings together stakeholders

afeec6cd-99dd-41a1-97cf-d749c9de332d-2
00:56:23.545 --> 00:56:28.356
from the carpet industry, NGOs,
government and academia to

afeec6cd-99dd-41a1-97cf-d749c9de332d-3
00:56:28.356 --> 00:56:33.493
develop market based solutions
for recycling and reuse of post

afeec6cd-99dd-41a1-97cf-d749c9de332d-4
00:56:33.493 --> 00:56:34.880
consumer product.

7021167a-6a6e-4b98-908d-1910726ffb7d-0
00:56:35.600 --> 00:56:40.485
CARE also runs the California
Carpet Stewardship Program,

7021167a-6a6e-4b98-908d-1910726ffb7d-1
00:56:40.485 --> 00:56:45.960
which is the most robust carpet
recycling program in the nation.

01b87de4-e88a-493f-a994-d53b51501678-0
00:56:46.680 --> 00:56:52.140
It pays subsidies by and
provides grants to recyclers

01b87de4-e88a-493f-a994-d53b51501678-1
00:56:52.140 --> 00:56:58.208
based on a $0.70 per square yard
assessment that California

01b87de4-e88a-493f-a994-d53b51501678-2
00:56:58.208 --> 00:57:01.040
charges on new carpet sales.

fe0dece9-af78-4d9a-a892-29d433585db6-0
00:57:03.680 --> 00:57:07.000
So here's a question, and if you
type in the chat.

c186a6de-01f1-484e-ae9b-c209c460068c-0
00:57:07.160 --> 00:57:12.285
Since the program started in
2020 or 20, O2 Care and its

c186a6de-01f1-484e-ae9b-c209c460068c-1
00:57:12.285 --> 00:57:18.040
members have diverted how many
pounds of carpet from landfills.

bd2f2065-69ad-49aa-ae12-ad41a865564e-0
00:57:26.230 --> 00:57:35.097
So just about everyone £5
billion they claim, have been

bd2f2065-69ad-49aa-ae12-ad41a865564e-1
00:57:35.097 --> 00:57:40.640
diverted from landfill since
2002.

73af38fe-41ed-461a-be53-da0e79a73c02-0
00:57:40.640 --> 00:57:46.298
The environmental impact is
calculated as saving 23 million

73af38fe-41ed-461a-be53-da0e79a73c02-1
00:57:46.298 --> 00:57:52.335
cubic yards of landfill space,
enough electricity to power over

73af38fe-41ed-461a-be53-da0e79a73c02-2
00:57:52.335 --> 00:57:57.994
500,000 US homes for a year, and
over 13 billion gallons of

73af38fe-41ed-461a-be53-da0e79a73c02-3
00:57:57.994 --> 00:57:58.560
water.

0b19ebf8-aaed-43cb-bc7c-368aadd54d96-0
00:58:03.640 --> 00:58:07.160
What do you think the following
products have in common?

8cb9e74d-1641-4d3f-8cd8-18384059cfe2-0
00:58:07.760 --> 00:58:14.471
Carpet fiber, carpet underlay,
insulation, ADA ramps and mats,

8cb9e74d-1641-4d3f-8cd8-18384059cfe2-1
00:58:14.471 --> 00:58:18.520
automobile parts, and synthetic
wood.

cf1156bb-362c-4001-a5e9-db5c3279a912-0
00:58:34.070 --> 00:58:42.792
All right, the answer is all of
these products can be recycled

cf1156bb-362c-4001-a5e9-db5c3279a912-1
00:58:42.792 --> 00:58:51.237
for all of these products are
can be made based on feedstock

cf1156bb-362c-4001-a5e9-db5c3279a912-2
00:58:51.237 --> 00:58:54.560
from recycled carpeting.

0c279f8d-a458-4564-9b36-d7a94b9f0d66-0
00:58:56.720 --> 00:58:57.720
I hope I said that right.

b134c00a-8ebd-4f11-adba-a136cf1bd9c3-0
00:58:58.120 --> 00:59:01.680
All of these products used.

27825188-fe07-4e35-9d0b-97f154fe300e-0
00:59:02.240 --> 00:59:09.045
Carpet can be used as feedstock
to manufacture these new

27825188-fe07-4e35-9d0b-97f154fe300e-1
00:59:09.045 --> 00:59:10.120
products.

2ecfef64-e437-46c3-949f-19b1c8536464-0
00:59:11.960 --> 00:59:15.440
I was kind of shocked about the
automobile parts.

bfc3c82d-d0fd-4473-94a8-e0e2002bef39-0
00:59:15.440 --> 00:59:21.696
The black plastic casings under
the hood apparently are often

bfc3c82d-d0fd-4473-94a8-e0e2002bef39-1
00:59:21.696 --> 00:59:24.320
made from recycled carpet.

de21cef0-a17c-4298-b949-3ec7f376c310-0
00:59:28.280 --> 00:59:32.553
So manufacturers continue to
work toward manufacturing more

de21cef0-a17c-4298-b949-3ec7f376c310-1
00:59:32.553 --> 00:59:36.328
sustainable products through
innovation and testing,

de21cef0-a17c-4298-b949-3ec7f376c310-2
00:59:36.328 --> 00:59:40.388
supporting the NGOs and
recycling efforts, and work with

de21cef0-a17c-4298-b949-3ec7f376c310-3
00:59:40.388 --> 00:59:44.376
the industry to strengthen
standards for clean products

de21cef0-a17c-4298-b949-3ec7f376c310-4
00:59:44.376 --> 00:59:45.159
downstream.

a39e6f4b-e151-45ea-bfa7-e8bf314e076b-0
00:59:45.160 --> 00:59:48.943
Importers and consumers can look
for certifications and

a39e6f4b-e151-45ea-bfa7-e8bf314e076b-1
00:59:48.943 --> 00:59:51.240
sustainable products to
purchase.

0529c07b-d689-496f-a23b-412a7579ae44-0
00:59:52.760 --> 00:59:57.300
What you see here on the slide
is a list of things that

0529c07b-d689-496f-a23b-412a7579ae44-1
00:59:57.300 --> 01:00:01.841
consumers can do that Bob
Peoples, who is the executive

0529c07b-d689-496f-a23b-412a7579ae44-2
01:00:01.841 --> 01:00:06.543
director of CARE, detailed
during a February 2024 podcast

0529c07b-d689-496f-a23b-412a7579ae44-3
01:00:06.543 --> 01:00:07.759
of Trash Magic.

9a66f01c-827d-4b3a-a88d-88d384f45660-0
01:00:08.520 --> 01:00:11.280
Tree, consumer or industrial
rate waste.

980b6a04-a8fc-482e-9393-51484ad989e3-0
01:00:11.760 --> 01:00:16.211
Seek carpets made from natural
or recycled materials when

980b6a04-a8fc-482e-9393-51484ad989e3-1
01:00:16.211 --> 01:00:20.816
shopping, seek products that
have post consumer products in

980b6a04-a8fc-482e-9393-51484ad989e3-2
01:00:20.816 --> 01:00:21.199
them.

eb929029-609a-48ec-bd40-89ec2ff25d1d-0
01:00:22.040 --> 01:00:27.812
Seek new floor coverings with
green label certification and

eb929029-609a-48ec-bd40-89ec2ff25d1d-1
01:00:27.812 --> 01:00:29.160
post consumer.

8ede8d4f-a279-43ae-a78a-8251718b97f4-0
01:00:29.200 --> 01:00:34.406
Ask your retailer installer of
your new carpet or flooring what

8ede8d4f-a279-43ae-a78a-8251718b97f4-1
01:00:34.406 --> 01:00:39.124
options they give to recycle
your old carpet and to write

8ede8d4f-a279-43ae-a78a-8251718b97f4-2
01:00:39.124 --> 01:00:44.330
your elected officials and ask
them to educate themselves about

8ede8d4f-a279-43ae-a78a-8251718b97f4-3
01:00:44.330 --> 01:00:49.130
the value of advanced recycling
technology and ask them to

8ede8d4f-a279-43ae-a78a-8251718b97f4-4
01:00:49.130 --> 01:00:50.919
support that approach.

948e3e6f-79d5-4b4b-8a47-5d9f4a115b8e-0
01:00:52.840 --> 01:00:54.640
That is all I have.

b1b39459-a0d6-4dfa-87ad-963e6004ba28-0
01:00:56.240 --> 01:01:01.824
I am going to turn it over to
Sandra now to see if there are

b1b39459-a0d6-4dfa-87ad-963e6004ba28-1
01:01:01.824 --> 01:01:07.592
any questions in the chat box
that I have missed and we can go

b1b39459-a0d6-4dfa-87ad-963e6004ba28-2
01:01:07.592 --> 01:01:08.600
from there.

ca1d9957-97dd-40f7-b21f-bcd2f3a14ca5-0
01:01:08.600 --> 01:01:13.547
And if you want to put any
questions in the chat box now,

ca1d9957-97dd-40f7-b21f-bcd2f3a14ca5-1
01:01:13.547 --> 01:01:14.400
feel free.

1f23cb8b-2a0d-4008-8aea-fe0d5dffdb90-0
01:01:14.400 --> 01:01:23.348
I'm just going to go through the
credit slides and then end on

1f23cb8b-2a0d-4008-8aea-fe0d5dffdb90-1
01:01:23.348 --> 01:01:28.320
the slide that has the CEU
credit.

78c29adf-2931-42ee-8e47-abeaec55f973-0
01:01:34.430 --> 01:01:35.270
OK, great.

27535941-d0c6-4812-8e6b-124295b764fe-0
01:01:36.350 --> 01:01:39.398
Yeah, we did have a few
requests, most mostly to go back

27535941-d0c6-4812-8e6b-124295b764fe-1
01:01:39.398 --> 01:01:41.430
to see previous slides, if
that's OK.

67fec319-8777-4820-8144-2d59cac51576-0
01:01:41.710 --> 01:01:42.110
Sure.

1920720f-f328-4e58-93d3-87d2b4939bc6-0
01:01:43.030 --> 01:01:44.910
OK, so let's start at the
beginning.

9521edba-63ef-43da-8c80-03b96814a565-0
01:01:45.510 --> 01:01:52.390
There's requests to see slides
7:00 and 8:00 7.

fe30ae49-2773-49ae-886b-23f094e815a3-0
01:01:57.440 --> 01:02:01.280
Is there a question about it or
just see it just to see it?

30a931bb-639f-4719-bd8b-d4b282bcb3ab-0
01:02:01.280 --> 01:02:03.953
I think maybe they want to take
a look and maybe take another

30a931bb-639f-4719-bd8b-d4b282bcb3ab-1
01:02:03.953 --> 01:02:04.600
snapshot of it.

a6c3e427-dfc7-4289-9e32-b6ab9bac2ada-0
01:02:05.040 --> 01:02:11.720
OK, so there are 7 and there is
8.

34424e48-3daa-4fe0-ba01-73156b72a083-0
01:02:13.480 --> 01:02:17.120
OK, great.

633b9649-987b-42f7-a8c2-8036b2a2cafe-0
01:02:18.360 --> 01:02:36.620
The next ones would be slides 13
and 14, 13 and 14, OK.

c0487e10-cd48-402b-8697-c14e6dec25df-0
01:02:40.980 --> 01:02:51.910
Next would be slide 21 and then
25.

d824fb58-c1ef-48b2-abae-857e2d07e661-0
01:02:51.910 --> 01:02:54.910
And there's a question on 25 as
well, OK.

480b99eb-c7b4-4607-97a7-0f5f56aa7c2e-0
01:02:56.870 --> 01:03:02.069
So for that one, it says, should
the product shown in Slide 25 be

480b99eb-c7b4-4607-97a7-0f5f56aa7c2e-1
01:03:02.069 --> 01:03:07.190
considered as made-up, correct,
like Note 7, Section 11 correct,

480b99eb-c7b4-4607-97a7-0f5f56aa7c2e-2
01:03:07.190 --> 01:03:09.160
it is considered made-up.

ea17b695-7a45-4b34-9fd8-144dfd53832c-0
01:03:10.520 --> 01:03:13.360
OK, great.

99dc849f-1b3b-43f2-9374-41f038316657-0
01:03:14.160 --> 01:03:19.294
If you go to anything, let me
just add, I mean Chapter 57 is

99dc849f-1b3b-43f2-9374-41f038316657-1
01:03:19.294 --> 01:03:19.800
there.

9dae99ac-c2de-434c-aaa8-92e92227f6c0-0
01:03:20.000 --> 01:03:25.247
Those products are made-up as
well, but in order to be in

9dae99ac-c2de-434c-aaa8-92e92227f6c0-1
01:03:25.247 --> 01:03:30.947
Chapter 63 and and as I stated,
this would be classified under

9dae99ac-c2de-434c-aaa8-92e92227f6c0-2
01:03:30.947 --> 01:03:35.200
63 O 7, it does have to be
considered made-up.

c8694425-7343-4578-8168-9795437381d3-0
01:03:36.800 --> 01:03:40.680
OK, OK.

8ef4ebcf-af6b-445b-a016-0d2198e63f35-0
01:03:41.320 --> 01:03:54.560
If you can go to slide 26 and
then give someone a moment here.

78ef1d1d-1728-44cf-9356-745a488f3d75-0
01:03:55.520 --> 01:03:56.400
31.

c94675b4-ad41-43ba-8626-b9abb4942a21-0
01:04:04.600 --> 01:04:08.320
OK, 33.

8d510633-5788-4f42-8b72-55cf5d474dba-0
01:04:10.760 --> 01:04:12.560
Did I go through these too fast?

f2f6a45c-1a4d-45a2-a4c5-98a167df35e6-0
01:04:13.800 --> 01:04:14.840
No, this usually happens.

1ebaa03e-e0ff-4c0d-a611-ad687bc1451d-0
01:04:14.880 --> 01:04:16.120
I do want to see them one more
time.

94c197a7-70c3-45da-9306-47df43a0ab76-0
01:04:23.480 --> 01:04:25.080
OK, got 33.

0af9484f-9182-46e2-964a-b3c065d9eb08-0
01:04:26.920 --> 01:04:28.960
There was also 43.

9fde9c8d-2a36-4368-a47a-cdfbfbe6be5a-0
01:04:35.120 --> 01:04:35.920
There is a question.

9d078b53-7ea8-4067-9811-cc406e929c66-0
01:04:35.920 --> 01:04:38.824
Also in general isn't there
something about made-up or not

9d078b53-7ea8-4067-9811-cc406e929c66-1
01:04:38.824 --> 01:04:40.400
made-up in reference to carpets?

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-0
01:04:45.920 --> 01:04:54.329
Well, OK, so carpet, I guess if
you had just broad loom carpet,

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-1
01:04:54.329 --> 01:05:02.081
it would not be considered
made-up if it's just, you know,

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-2
01:05:02.081 --> 01:05:10.227
cut in rectangles or squares,
but it doesn't in 57 O3, unlike

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-3
01:05:10.227 --> 01:05:17.979
57 O2 that requires or has
separate provisions for whether

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-4
01:05:17.979 --> 01:05:24.549
it's made-up or not 57 O
350-704-5705 do not have

1cbb665a-8a1c-4f73-920d-18b65941c7a3-5
01:05:24.549 --> 01:05:28.359
separate provisions for that.

099373d6-3388-4677-80b7-c650f09350d5-0
01:05:29.600 --> 01:05:32.680
OK, OK, got it.

6e48c34c-ad5d-4198-9fef-05ebd1d69c5a-0
01:05:33.640 --> 01:05:36.000
The next one would be slide 44.

f8b55512-9932-471d-a08d-2de15a33fb78-0
01:05:42.350 --> 01:05:45.990
OK, 51.

807ab995-67e0-46a7-92d9-8f498494a211-0
01:05:55.210 --> 01:05:59.250
OK, 60 please.

93d80437-ace3-4c35-8d5e-ce7dfafb7166-0
01:06:08.780 --> 01:06:11.620
OK, 62.

2edd22b1-d293-449a-b6c0-34185a502a78-0
01:06:16.780 --> 01:06:17.300
Great.

67e5162d-836f-487b-a572-5d0d9ed5009e-0
01:06:18.360 --> 01:06:21.480
And then just one more as far as
I can see, 81, please.

de07c5ea-8874-41c7-8a0d-830602682f8a-0
01:06:27.240 --> 01:06:29.120
I see what you guys are doing.

bb61e558-99ab-4a49-a1f0-c2b5246a1d42-0
01:06:29.360 --> 01:06:32.360
You're just taking pictures of
all of these slides.

36017797-581e-48e0-9a19-d07208c61479-0
01:06:33.120 --> 01:06:38.120
I think that's what happened,
yeah.

6128dff8-af7c-45bb-b4fb-32140e59ff66-0
01:06:39.760 --> 01:06:40.640
Then there was one question.

9e430fbe-83c3-46de-bd2d-f313eef6897e-0
01:06:40.640 --> 01:06:44.141
Can you show the slide before
embroidered, for example, table

9e430fbe-83c3-46de-bd2d-f313eef6897e-1
01:06:44.141 --> 01:06:44.480
weave?

2715b92a-c9e7-4850-ae95-a3b967ecd1e5-0
01:06:45.800 --> 01:06:57.724
OK, table weave I think was so
braided was before embroidered,

2715b92a-c9e7-4850-ae95-a3b967ecd1e5-1
01:06:57.724 --> 01:07:04.160
but table weave was the last
one.

64811a08-b9df-4347-9d1d-70f897f5c72f-0
01:07:06.000 --> 01:07:07.520
Is that what you're looking for?

a1a47256-b5ef-4f48-a6aa-d20f99a5a213-0
01:07:10.120 --> 01:07:11.600
OK, not sure.

7da744a3-7021-4702-85c6-5923191d2d38-0
01:07:14.400 --> 01:07:19.680
OK, that seems to be all of the
requests about this time.

2608711a-b76f-4859-9d0c-22e86e90ba82-0
01:07:21.720 --> 01:07:27.761
OK, well if I thank you all for
being here and for asking

2608711a-b76f-4859-9d0c-22e86e90ba82-1
01:07:27.761 --> 01:07:34.220
questions, and if you think of
any additional questions, feel

2608711a-b76f-4859-9d0c-22e86e90ba82-2
01:07:34.220 --> 01:07:36.720
free to reach out to me.

dfe34331-1632-42c2-ad4c-cf840b9c3f30-0
01:07:37.840 --> 01:07:43.442
I'd love to discuss carpets and
rugs with you since this again

dfe34331-1632-42c2-ad4c-cf840b9c3f30-1
01:07:43.442 --> 01:07:48.600
probably be my last carpet or
rug discussion for a while.

1435fd9e-4e0e-4dfa-8e4f-4d9adfa75cd0-0
01:07:50.160 --> 01:07:52.120
So again, thank you all for
attending.

ace688b2-93bb-4099-a4fa-af9cdf8bde2c-0
01:07:55.920 --> 01:07:59.836
Thank you, Kim, can you move it
to the last slide with the crowd

ace688b2-93bb-4099-a4fa-af9cdf8bde2c-1
01:07:59.836 --> 01:08:00.680
again, please?

3e298914-9628-4afb-bb2a-b042d12ce923-0
01:08:00.880 --> 01:08:01.320
Thank you.

5ab931d9-b61d-4720-9269-209982ebc2e6-0
01:08:10.080 --> 01:08:11.160
Thank you so much.

bb329445-47a2-4abc-a997-1afe610a6de0-0
01:08:12.200 --> 01:08:14.720
This concludes our webinar for
this afternoon.

89b0a3b0-8ef4-49ac-a610-0a9e918b40af-0
01:08:15.240 --> 01:08:18.763
This is a reminder that this
webinar will be posted on the

89b0a3b0-8ef4-49ac-a610-0a9e918b40af-1
01:08:18.763 --> 01:08:19.480
CBP website.

8e52bac1-f3c3-4cb5-ad3f-73ba587b241c-0
01:08:19.720 --> 01:08:22.520
Thank you for joining us and
enjoy the rest of your day.